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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Vegetative cell |
cell not currently making cells |
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Sporulation |
process of making spores |
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Germination |
When mature spore goes back to cell cuz better enviroment |
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Flagella |
Protein strutures extended from bacteria for mobility Usually for swimming Protein called flagellin Powed by prtonmotive force (proton gradient) |
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Constitutive expression |
Genes that are expressed all the time |
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Regulated expression |
genes that are turned on and off |
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Nucleic Acid |
What DNA and RNA are made up of. Made up of neclotides |
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Struture of Nucltide |
*5 carbon sugar (ribose) *1+ phosphate ion *Nitrogen rich base |
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RNAP |
Enyzme that catalizes transcription |
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Promoter |
Sequence on DNA where RNAP binds to start transcription |
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RNAP struture |
Core enzyme-made part that binds Sigma factor- reconizes promtor |
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Termination sequence |
DNA sequence that stops transcription |
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+1site |
Where nucltide is first transcribed Gene might start earlier but transcription start there Parts before called -# counting back from +1 site |
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Consensus sequence |
Part of gene that reappears as most common within all variations of that gene |
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Sigma factors |
Different bacteria have different sigma factors Most common is Sigma-70 Regulated genes have different sigma factors so they can be turned off and on |
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Operon |
Set of genes who's products are needed for some related function |
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Arg operon |
Used for arginine synthesis arg C B H (in that order) Neg regulation (arg corepresser which binds to operator) |
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Lac operon |
First way we learned about genes Lac I - codes repressor (not part of operon) Used for lactose catabolism Lactose depressor Expressed high when glucose low and lactose there (low ATP, high ADP/DMP, high cAMP) cAMP binds to activator (CRP or CAP) to make high expression |
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CRP |
cAMP receptor protein. Activator for Lac operon |
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Regulon |
Set of operons under same regulation (means operon's purposes related) |
