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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what 3 things make up a virus? |
genetic material capsid envelope |
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what is a capsid made out of? |
protein |
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what feature may be on the envelope? |
spikes for adherence |
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what is special about viral genetic material? |
dna OR rna single OR double strands |
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what happens during the lytic cycle? |
cell dies and virus takes over cell machinery |
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what are the 6 steps of the lytic cycle? |
1. attachment 2. penetration of lysozyme causing host dna to stop replicating 3. biosynthesis of viral dna 4. transcription and translation 5. assembly 6. released by lysozyme |
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what happens during the lysogenic cycle? |
no death of host does not take over |
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what are the 4 steps of the lysogenic cycle? |
1. attachment 2. viral dna combines with host cell dna 3. bacteria grows and multiplies 4. lytic cycle initiated by stress |
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what are the 5 steps of the animal virus cycle? |
1. chemical attachment to membrane 2. penetration 3. synthesis 4. assembly 5. release by budding or fission |
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what are the 2 types of synthesis of animal virus? |
DNA: replication, transcription, translation RNA: reverse transcriptase |
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what are the 3 types of penetration of animal virus? |
direct membrane fusion endocytosis |
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what is direct penetration? |
naked virus attaches to cell and makes a sink hole |
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what is membrane fusion? |
virus and host fuse together |
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what is endocytosis? |
virus is engulfed |
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what are the 4 stages of mitosis? |
prophase metaphase anaphase telophase |
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what are the 3 stages of interphase? |
growth 1 synthesis growth 2 |
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what happens during prophase? |
nuclear envelop dissolves |
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what happens during metaphase? |
chromatids align |
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what happens during anaphase? |
spindle fibers pull chromatids apart |
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what happens during telophase? |
nuclear envelope and cell wall separates cells |
