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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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RSV (respiratory syncytial virus)
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mild cold, SYNCYTIA - multinucleated giant cell
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Rabies virus
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NEGRI BODIES (cytoplasm)
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Cytomegalovirus
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OWL'S EYE (nucleus)
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EBV
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Burkitt's Lymphoma
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HPV
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cervical cancer
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Hepatitis B virus
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liver cancer (chronic infection)
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Hepatitis C virus
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liver cancer
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HHV-8
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Kaposi's sarcoma (AIDS pts)
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HTLV-1
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adult leukemia
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Varicella-Zoster
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latent infection
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DS DNA
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polyoma (N), adeno (N), herpes (E), hepadna (E), pox (E), pox (E)
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SS DNA
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parvo (N)
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+RNA
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picorna (N), calici (N), toga (E), flavi (E), corona (E), corona (E)
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-RNA (all enveloped)
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rhabdo, orthomyxo, bunya, arena, filo, filo
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DS RNA (+/- RNA)
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reo (double capsid)
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retro
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retro (E)
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Scrapie
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Fatal ataxia in SHEEP, brain = spongiform degeneration, CANNIBALISM!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
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Kuru
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CANNIBALISM!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!, women/children prepared CONTAMINATED tissue, CORNEAS
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Creutzfeldt-Jakob (CJD)
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CORNEAS, 10% familial / 90% spontaneous, rapid progression to death (3-6 mon), cerebellar ATAXIA, VALINE insertion @ codon 129 = CJD, VALINE insertion @ codon 129 = CJD
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Fatal Familial Insomnia (FFI)
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same as CJD - CANNOT SLEEP, METHIONINE insertion @ codon 129 = FFI
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vCJD
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beef w/ BSE, younger target age than CJD (19-24 years old), 6-24 month incubation, high plaque formation, polyoma (N), polyoma (N)
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Giardia lamblia
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BEAVER FEVER, malabsorption syndrome, steatorrhea, fecal/oral transmission - WATER
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Cryptosporidium ("Crypto")
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in water, watery diarrhea, vomiting, severe in AIDS patients
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Plasmodia
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MALARIA, Severe Malarial Anemia = ARDS, Cerebral Malaria = reversible coma, MOSQUITOES!!!!!
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Babesia microti
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Babesiosis, black-legged ticks, MALTESE CROSS - lethal in IC patients
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Enterobius vermicularis
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PINWORM, most common worm infection in US (children), perianal irritational, itching
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Trichuris trichiura
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WHIPWORM, bloody diarrhea, BARREL-SHAPED EGG - PLUGS AT END (KNOW PIC)
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Paragonimus westermani
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LUNG FLUKE, raw crab/crawfish (CAN SEE EGGS), eggs found in BLOODY SPUTUM, looks like strep pneumo
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Taenia solium
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PORK TAPEWORM, cysticercosis (humans eat eggs --> hatch and travel), Neurocysticercosis - can be lethal
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Diphyllobothrium latum
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Vit B12 deficiency
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Pasteurella multocida
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CAT BITES, rapidly progressive cellulitis, BI-POLAR STAINING = "SAFETY PIN"
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Bartonella henselae
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CAT-SCRATCH DISEASE, usually benign, chronic swollen lymph nodes, warthin starry silver stain, IC patients = BACILLARY ANGIOMATOSIS, purple nodules (resembles Kaposi sarcoma), systemic condition caused by B. quintana as well
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Capnocytophaga canimorsus
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DOG BITE SEPTICEMIA, worse than pasteurella
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Streptobacillus moniliformis
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RAT-BITE FEVER, in turkeys too!, RAT-BITE = maculopapular rash = can be severe, HAVERHILL FEVER = eat rat poop = GI symptoms, could have fried egg appearance = cell wall is defective
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Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
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PIGS!, ERYSIPELOID (NOT erysipelas from S. pyogenes), purple rash on fingers/hand, must have break in skin
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Brucella meletensis
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GOATS/SHEEP (SYED - these 2 animals are different), most pathogenic, passed through STILLBORN SHEEP, unpasteurized milk, on bioterrorism list because it can be inhaled, PROFUSE SWEATING! (differentiates from Q-Fever)
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Francisella tularensis
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TULAREMIA = RABBIT FEVER, also can be tick borne, CHARCOAL AGAR (pick LEGIONELLA!), ULCEROGLANDULAR TULAREMIA - through skin, pulmonic tularemia - inhalation, oropharyngeal tularemia - ingestion, ULC. TUL. - enters via scratch - ulcer on hand, lymphadenopathy & ulcerated skin legion, rabbit associated - ulcer on hand, tick borne - ulcer on lower extremity / trunk, pneumonic form --> ARDS
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Yersinia pestis
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PLAGUE!, found in prairie dogs/squirrels, spread by FLEAS, URBAN PLAGUE - RAT FLEAS --> HUMANS (not in USA), YOP GENES = VIRULENCE FACTOR, type III secretion, BUBONIC PLAGUE - buboes, SEPTICEMIC PLAGUE - "BLACK DEATH", - DIC, PNEUMONIC PLAGUE - hemorrhagic, - transmitted b/w ppl - 90% mortality, BI-POLAR STAINING - "safety pin"
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Actinomyces israelii
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Gram +; Not acid-fast (diff than NOCARDIA); resembles fungi; branching rod; SULFUR GRANULES; post-oral surgery; LUMPY JAW; "molar" colonies; strict anaerobe
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Bacteroides fragilis
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80% of Bacteroides infections; intraabdominal infections; skin/soft tissue infection; GI ABSCESSES; Foul odor; Bile esculin agar (same as enterococci); Gram - ; non-toxic LPS
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C. perfringens
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GAS GANGRENE; alpha-toxin - LECTITHINASE (phospholipase C); Type A - in USA (has alpha-toxin only); Type A - most infections; Type C - pig-bel (enteritis necrotican); cellulitis w/ gas formation; suppurative myositis; SHINY BRONZE COLOR (gas gangrene); alpha-toxin = CAPILLARY THROMBOCYTOPENIA; Type A is an intoxication; pig-bel = undercooked pork & sweet potatoes; pig-bel caused by beta-toxin (part of Type C); Nagler rxn on egg-yolk agar; stormy fermentation
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C. tetani
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DRUMSTICK spores; TETANOLYSIN (oxygen-labile hemolysin); TETANOSPASMIN (heat-labile neurotoxin); TETANUS = TETANOSPASMIN; AB toxin; prevents release of GABA & GLYCINE; LOCK-JAW (TRISMUS); risus sardonicus; neutralize with TIG (necessary 1st step)
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C. botulinum
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HOME CANNING (intoxication); INFANTS w/ HONEY; Heat-labile neurotoxin (inhibits ACh); inhalation - bioterrorism; BOTULINUM TOXIN = classic AB toxin; FLACCID PARALYSIS (opposite of tetanus); FLOPPY BABY SYNDROME; CONSTIPATION; mouse bioassay for toxin activity
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C. difficile
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Antibiotic-associated GI diseases; TOXIN A: enterotoxin; NOSOCOMIAL - TV REMOTE!!; Pseudomembranous colitis; Clindamycin treatment; Foul-smelling GREEN diarrhea; PSEUDOMEMBRANE contains FIBRIN; immunoassays for toxin in stool
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C. psittaci
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PARROT FEVER; BIRDS; similar to walking pneumonia; dry hacking cough
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C. pneumoniae
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walking pneumonia (not as common as mycoplasma); age group: 50-60; linked to atherosclerosis; milder than strep pneumo
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C. trachomatis
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Trachoma (A, B, Ba, C); Inclusion conjunctivitis (D-K); Non-Gonococcal Urethritis - NGU (D-K); Lymphogranuloma vererum (LGV) (L1, L2, L2a, L3); BLINDNESS (trachoma); spread by children; eyelashes abrade cornea; NGU - most common bacterial STD; NGU - PID, ectopic pregnancy; NGU - infant pneumonia syndrome; LGV - gays; LGV - papules on genitals --> swollen lymph nodes; CYTOPLASMIC INCLUSIONS
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M. pneumoniae
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P1 adhesion; ciliostatis - dry, hacking cough; Superantigen; 20% of pneumonia in US - age group: 5-15; WALKING PNEUMONIA; COLD AGGLUTININS; STRICT AEROBE; "MULBERRY" APPEARANCE; Pleomorphic; lack cell wall
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M. hominis, M. genitalium
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genitourinary tract; fried-egg appearance on mycoplasma agar; facultative anaerobe; hominis - increases with sexual activity; hominis - postpartum fever; genitalium - NGU; Pleomorphic; lack cell wall; have fried egg appearance
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U. urealyticum
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UREASE activity; grows downward into the agar; found in 80% of ppl with 3+ sexual partners; 1/2 of NGC in men; Pleomorphic; lack cell wall; have fried egg appearance
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Cryptococcus neoformans
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#1 cause of meningitis in AIDS patients
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Candida albicans
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Pseudohyphae
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Coccidioides immitis
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Dimorphic; Yeast in lung / mold in the soil; Desert Southwest US; VALLEY FEVER; SABOURAUD DEXTROSE AGAR
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