Micro Exam 2

Front 1

Symbiosis

Back 1

two or more organisms living together in a close proximity and in association, with each other

Front 2

mutualism

Back 2

two or more organisms living together in close association and both benefit from this association

Front 3

commensalism

Back 3

two organisms living together in close association and only one organism benefits from this relation, the other neither gains nor is harmed, by its close proximity to the other organism

Front 4

synergism

Back 4

an associative relationship whereby two organism produce an effect which neither can produce alone, usually chemical in nature

Front 5

gnotobiotic

Back 5

organism that can live and function in the complete absence of all other viable organism (including bacteria).

Front 6

heterotrophes

Back 6

ability of an organism to utilize (and hydrolyze) organic compounds as a source of nutrient for growth and energy production.

Front 7

phototrophes

Back 7

bacteria capable of utilizing light as an energy source for growth and synthesizing its own cellular components from inorganic compounds like carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H2O) and nitrate (NO3) which serve as common nutrients.

Front 8

autotrophes

Back 8

bacteria that use only inorganic constituents as a source of nutrient for growth; (carbon dioxide (CO2) is their sole source of carbon), while NH3, NO3- or NO2- are the common sources of nitrogen for protein and nucleic acid synthesis during growth.

Front 9

fastidious

Back 9

an organism that is difficult to isolate and grow because of its complex nutritional needs for special or exotic compounds, like blood, or heated blood, or requires unknown nutrients found in eggs

Front 10

cellulolytic

Back 10

capability of a bacterium to degrade cellulose, a major plant cell-wall structural component in plants or the fiber in a cotton ball which is pure cellulose and is a valuable pant by product from which is produced.

Front 11

agarolytic

Back 11

capability of an organism to degrade agar.

Front 12

halophlic

Back 12

ability of a microorganism to grow optimally in high salt concentrations: (10 - 15%) salt (or NaCl) when added to a bacteriological media.

Front 13

hemophilic

Back 13

organism growing and degrading blood

Front 14

hemolytic

Back 14

organism capable of lysing red blood cells when they grow on blood agar

Front 15

saccharophilic

Back 15

organisms capable of growing optimally in high sugar concentrations.

Front 16

saccharolytic

Back 16

bacteria capable of hydrolyzing (or degrading) (sugar lysis) sugars (saccharides) like glucose and sucrose (also monosaccharides and disaccharides, respectively), as well as hexoses, pentoses, etc

Front 17

proteolytic

Back 17

bacteria capable of hydrolyzing (or digesting) (protein lysis) proteins during growth.

Front 18

lipolytic

Back 18

bacteria capable of hydrolyzing (or digesting) (lipid lysis) lipids (or fats) namely triglycerides, phospholipids or phosphatides, when growing on lipid-containing bacteriological media.

Front 19

chitinolytic

Back 19

capability of a bacterium to degrade chitin the ultra-structural exo-skeleton components of insects and shellfish.

Front 20

photosynthesis

Back 20

carbon and nitrogen source which protoplasmic components (protein, lipids, and carbohydrates) are synthesized by the energy

Front 21

photolithotrophes (inorganic)

Back 21

plants eucaryotic algae and procaryotic blue green algae; use sunlight for energy

Front 22

photoorganotrophes

Back 22

require both sunlight and simple organic compounds like formate (HCOOH), acetate (CH3COOH) or succinate, or the similar type compounds