Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
93 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Enteric Metabolic Commonalities
|
1. all factultative anaerobes
2. oxidase (-) 3. ferment glucose 4. reduce nitrattes to nitrites |
|
|
Catalase (+) Gram (+)
|
Staph. (cocci)
Listeria monocytogenes (rods) |
|
|
non-fermentor (gram - rod)
|
Pseudomonas
|
|
|
oxidase (+) gram - rod
|
Pseudomonas
|
|
|
Flagellated enterics
|
Escheria
Salmonella |
|
|
H-Antigen
|
flagellar Ag
Salmonella and Escherica |
|
|
lactose fermentors
|
(pink on MAC)
Escheria Klebsiella Serratia |
|
|
K-polysacharide
|
on CAPSULAR organisms
Klebsiella (lactose fermentor, non-motile, urease (+)) |
|
|
distinguish Klebsiella
|
lactose fermentor
urease (+) K-Antigen (capsule) non-motile THICK BLACK CURRANT SPUTUM |
|
|
Thick Black Currant Sputum
|
Klebsiella pneumonia
lactose (+) urease (+) non-motile K-antigen (capsule) |
|
|
curved Gram (-) ros
|
Vibrio
Campylobacter (grows at high temp) Helicobacter |
|
|
O-Antigen
|
LPS outer polysaccharide
|
|
|
Heat-Labile Toxin
|
E. coli
-->addition of ADP-ribose to Gs -->stimulates cAMP (similar to vibrio toxin) WATERY DIARRHEA |
|
|
Lethal Factor
|
A-subunit from Bacilus anthracis
protease cleaves phosphokinase--> MAP pathway disrute--> decrease cell growth |
|
|
Elek Test
|
growth agar testing for diptheria toxin
|
|
|
Guillan-Barre sequellae
|
Campylobacter jejuni
-->microaerophilic -->growth at high temp (distinguish from Vibrio) -->curved rods -->oxidase (+) |
|
|
Heat-Stabie toxin
|
E. coli
increase cGMP |
|
|
Enterotoxin-producing E. coli strains pathology
|
non-invasive
watery, non-bloody diarrhea |
|
|
Shiga toxin
|
E. coli an Shigella (non-motile)
removes adenine from large 28s rRNA---> 60S ribosome can't work encoded on LYSOGENIC PHAGE |
|
|
VEROTOXIN
|
same as shiga-like toxin
E. coli and Shigella (non-motile) adds adenine to 28s rRNA 60S ribosome can't work |
|
|
EHEC
|
hemorragic E. coli
Verotoxin (shiga-like) leads to hemolytic uremic syndrome--> treat w/ antibiotics raises risk |
|
|
hemolytic uremic syndrome
|
sequellae of EHEC
when verotoxin hits bloostream acute renal failure, thrombocytopenia treatment with antibiotics raises risk |
|
|
K1- Antigen
|
strains of E. coli
NEONATAL MENINGITIS |
|
|
ETEC
|
travelers diarrhea
short, watery stools |
|
|
schistocytes in blood
|
EHEC with Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
complicated with antibiotic treatment |
|
|
Typhoid fever
|
Salmonella
motile non-lactose fermentor H-antigen (flagella) switching |
|
|
H-antigen switching
|
Salmonella
req. correct alignment of gene for mRNA |
|
|
bonds to C14
|
LPS
-acts on hypothalmus to induce fever -increases DIC |
|
|
acts on hypothalmus to induce fever
|
LPS
|
|
|
MAC agar
|
crystal violet selects against Gram (+)
bile salt inhibits non-enterics indicates LACTOSE FERMENTORS |
|
|
EMB agar
|
lactose fermentors show a green sheen
|
|
|
Thiosulfate-Citrate-Bile-Salts-Sucrose (TCBS) Agar
|
selects for VIBRIO
due to alkaline (pH=8.6) V. cholerae= YELLOW (ferments sucrose) |
|
|
Distinguish ETEC
|
-ferments sorbitol
TRAVELERS DIARRHEA Attachment-Effacment- Lesions: modifys brush border cells for edestal formation |
|
|
brush borer becomes pedestal formation
|
ETEC- Travelers diarrhea
FERMENTS SORBITOL -A&E: modifys actin to make edesta |
|
|
Attachment and Effacement
|
modification of actin; creates pedestal formation of brush border cells
ETEC EHEC |
|
|
Salmonella typhi
|
TYPHUS
motile H2S (+) invasive facultative intracellular pathogens 2x bacteremia, present in urine, stool and blood carrier state with biofilm in gallblader |
|
|
Typhus carrier state
|
biofilm in galbladder
salmonella typhus |
|
|
Salmonella vaccine
|
Vi-antigen (capsular conjugated)
recomened for travelers |
|
|
Salmonella enteritidis
|
transient bacteremia
quickly resolves use TYPE III SECRETION SYSTEM- encoded on pathogenicity island SPI-1 |
|
|
Pathogenicity Island SPI-1
|
Salmonella enteritidis
promotes entry into host cell an precents lysosomal fusion |
|
|
Osteomyelitis w/ sickle cell
|
Salmonella infection
allows for metastatic abscesses |
|
|
distinguish between salmonella and shigella
|
SALMONELLA= motile, flagella switching, H2S (+)
SHIGELLA= non-motile, H2S (-) |
|
|
Actin-based motility
|
Shigella
Listeria |
|
|
more contagious: shigella or salmonella
|
shigella has lower ID50 and more invasive
|
|
|
Rose spots
|
associate with TYPHOID FEVER rarely
Salmonella carrier= biofilm in gallbladder |
|
|
Dysentary
|
bloody stools
SHIGELLA= H2S(-); non-motile highly invasive and infectious Actin-Based motility |
|
|
distinguish V. cholerae
|
yellow colonies on TCBS= ferments sorbitol
flagellated, curved rods -non-invasive TOXIGENIC |
|
|
Choleragen
|
V. cholerae
activation of G-PCR--> increase cAMP--> increase CFTR channel secretion |
|
|
H-2 blockers and Cholera
|
will increase infection
(anti-acids, H2-blockers) increases risk of vibrio colonization |
|
|
CTX phage
|
lysogenic conversion of V> cholerae to prouce CHOLERAGEN
use TCP rec. on bacteria |
|
|
TCP receptor
|
on Vibrio cholerae
target of CTX phage which carries CHOLERAGEN toxin and the TcpA adhesion pili protein |
|
|
O1 group V. cholerae
|
epidemic
see: El Tor Strain |
|
|
TcpA adhesion protein
|
V. cholerae on the CTX phage
also codes for choleragen toxin |
|
|
puppy poop GI infection
|
Campylobacter jejuni
microaerophilic, grows at high temperatures curved |
|
|
Helicobacter v. Camylobacter
|
HELICOBACTER= urease (+)
CAMPLYLOBACTER= urease (-) both are curved Gram (-) rods |
|
|
gastric carcinoma
|
Helicobacter pylori
urease (+) |
|
|
urease (+) lactose fermentor
|
Klebsiella= thick, back currant bloody sputum
non-motile |
|
|
raiolabeled UREA test
|
tests for Helicobacter pylori infections
(+)= exhale radiolabeled CO2 |
|
|
struvite
|
urinary stones= Mg-ammonium
commonly associated w/ PROTEUS -->due to urease action also: Providencia and Morganella |
|
|
Urease Activity
|
-->raises pH of stomach to cause ulcers= Heliobacter pylori
-->raises pH of urethra/blader to make struvite formation= Proteus-Proviencia-Morganella -->lactose fermentor= Klebsiella |
|
|
ferments sorbitol
|
ETEC- distinguish from other E. coli
V. cholerae--> yellow colonies on TCBS |
|
|
catalase (+) Gram (+) rod
|
Listeria
|
|
|
B. cereus
|
causes Food Poisoning
Short Incubation= heat-stable (EMETIC) Long Incubation= heat-labile (DIARRHEAL) REHEATED RICE |
|
|
Reheated rice illness
|
Bacillus cereus
motile causes food poisoning= short or long incubation |
|
|
alkaline foods are high risk
|
C. botulism
8 types (ABE) |
|
|
bi-zone hemolysis
|
C. perfringens
Alpha-toxin/Lecthinase= basis of NAEGLER test Theta-toxin= complete hemolysis |
|
|
glucoryltransferase of Rho-GTPase
|
Clo. dificile
pseudomembranous colitis Exotoxin A Exotoxin B- depolymerize actin; apoptosis |
|
|
ifferentiate between Proteus species
|
-->urease (+)- cause STUVITE
P. mirablis= inole (-) H2S (+) P. vulgaris= indole (+) H2S (+) |
|
|
phenylethyl alcohol
|
Proteus-Providencia-Morganella Group
-stops swarming -motile -urease (+)= STRUVITE |
|
|
O-wall antigens
|
Proteus
cross-rns w/ ricktettsiae basis of Weil-Felix RXN |
|
|
Weil-Felix RXN
|
Proteus infections yeils Ab anti-Ricktettsiae from O-WALL ANTIGENS
|
|
|
Glycocalynx with high ALGINATE
|
Pseudomonas
allows for biofilm formation -also PilS/PilR |
|
|
PilS/PilR
|
Pseudomonas pilin regulation
|
|
|
Heat-stable toxin (E.coli)
|
stimulates cGMP
ETEC |
|
|
Healt-labile toxin (E. coli)
|
acts same as cholera toxin
watery-noon bloody diarrhea ETEC |
|
|
Polyribitol Phoshate PPP capsule
|
Haemophilus influenzae type B
also IgA protease COMPARE to C. dipth w/ polymerized phosphate granules |
|
|
Type A prominent in US and more virulent
|
Franc. tularemia
|
|
|
pronounce leukocytosis w/o neutrophil increase
|
Bordatella pertussis
due to PERTUSSIS TOXIN -AB toxin on a lysogenic phage -does not req. CALMODULIN -ADP-ribosylation of Gi-PCR -prevent localization to lymph tissue |
|
|
Filamentous Hemmaglutining
|
Bordatella PERTUSSIS
protein on pili under control of the BvsG reg. system target of vaccine; conjugated to DIPTH toxin |
|
|
killed vaccine causes encephalopathy
|
Bordatella pertussis
-now use acellular vaccine of FILAMENTOUS-HA, fimbriae 2 an 3, pertacin,--> conjugate to DIPTH |
|
|
Legionella facultative intracellular
|
monocytes and marophages
sputum shows no bacteria w/ neutrophils |
|
|
growth in specialized endosomes
|
Legionella
Pontiac Fever and Legionella |
|
|
intracellular rep. in reticuloendothelial cells
|
Brucells
Fracincella tularensis |
|
|
Brucella
|
Undulant fever
-usually from ingestion of cont. milk or hiding -gradual building of symptoms |
|
|
Bartonella
|
Bacillary angiomatosis
Bartonella henselae= cat-scratch fever Bartonells quintant= Trench fever (transmit via human louse) |
|
|
F-1 Polysaccharide Capsule
|
Yersinia pestis
increases virulence; lost in lab processing safety pin shape w/ clear staining center use Giemsa-Wayson stain |
|
|
pla Protease
|
Yersinia pestis
cleaves fibrin clot C3b an C5a on plasmid-encoded pathogens: YPOS, YopJ, pla Protease, F1-capsule |
|
|
Fe++ represses repressor
|
Corny. diptheria
|
|
|
Pasteurella multocia
|
in 25% of animal bites
Cellulitis or Osteomyelitis |
|
|
ADP-ribosylation of EF-2
|
C. diptheria
Pseudomonas aerginosa (Exotoxin A) |
|
|
adds ADP-ribosylate to Ga-PCR
|
Bacillus Cereus (other one a superantigen)
V.cholera |
|
|
Short and Long Incubation GI infections
|
B-cereus
|
|
|
glucaronyl transferases
|
C. dificile
Exotoxin A Exotoxin-B |
