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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Symbiosis |
Organisms live in a close nutritional relationship that can benefit one, both or neither of the organisms |
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Mutualism |
both members benefit |
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parasitism |
parasite latches onto a host. The parasite benefits while the host is harmed |
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commensilism |
one member benefits the other is not harmed |
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Nonsymbiotic |
organisms are free living and do not depend on one another for survival |
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synergism |
members cooperate and share nutrients with no benefit or loss to the other |
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antagonism |
some members are inhibited or destroyed by others |
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obligate aerobes |
require oxygen to survive |
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obligate anaerobes |
can not survive in an oxygen rich environment |
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facultative anaerobe |
capable of using oxygen for respiration if it is present but can also use fermentation if the oxygen is not present |
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Aerotolerant anaerobes |
can not use oxygen for growth but can survive in its presence |
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microaerophiles |
need oxygen to reproduce and survive but can be killed if there is too much oxygen present |
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acidophiles |
thrive in an acidic environment or pH less than 6 |
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alkalinophiles |
thrive in an extremely basic environment or pH greater than 8 |
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Halophiles |
require an extreme amount of salt |
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osmotolerant |
do not require a high amount of solute but can tolerate its presence |
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4 types of biomolecules |
lipids proteins carbohydrates nucleic acids |
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simple carbohydrate |
saccharide |
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five or more saccharides |
polysaccharide |
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two saccharides |
disaccharide |
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dehydration synthesis |
loss of water during a synthesis reaction |
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formula for saccharide |
C6H1206 |
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shape of basic saccharide |
hexagon |
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Main components of lipids |
carbon and hydrogen |
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function of triglycerides |
energy storage |
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function of phospholipids |
main component of cell membrane |
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steroids |
built from cholesterol cell membrane component |
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fat with maximum hydrogens, solids, all single bonds
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Saturated fats |
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fat with double bonds and bent chains, oils |
unsaturated fats |
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building blocks of proteins |
amino acids |
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protein function |
immune defense transport signals enzymes storage |
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formula of amino group |
NH3 |
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formula of carboxyl group |
C=O-H |
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center part of amino acid |
central carbon attached to a hydrogen |
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attachment of amino acids |
peptide bond |
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proteins that trigger a reaction |
enzyme |
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vitamins act as this |
coenzyme |
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what the enzyme combines with to change it |
substrate |
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competitive inhibition |
poison attaches to active site of enzyme |
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noncompetitive inhibition |
poison bonds anywhere but active site of the enzyme |
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head of a polar lipid molecule |
phosphate group hydrophilic |
