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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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a virus suitcase that eats bacteria |
bacteriaphages |
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obligate intracellular parasites, in order to replicate must infect a host cell |
viruses |
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structure of viruses |
1. protein coat surrounds nucleic acid 2. nucleic acid is either DNA or RNA but not both |
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found in some animal viruses only, envelope is a membrane obtained from the host cells as it exits the virus |
viral envelope |
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protein coat that surrounds a core of genetic material |
capsid |
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two basic types of capsid |
1. helical 2. polyhedron |
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bacteriophages may have a protein coat composed of both helical and polyhedral capsids |
complex capsid |
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protect virus from environment, still susceptible to disinfectants, responsible for adsportion of virus to cell |
protein coats |
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means attachment onto cell |
adsorption |
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the range of cell types a pathogen can infect, includes species and tissue, site specific interactions |
host range |
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genes to code for a few proteins to over 100 proteins |
genetic material for viruses |
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four types of genetic material |
DS DNA, SS DNA, DS RNA, SS RNA |
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two possible outcomes of infection |
1. lytic (virulent) 2. lysogenic (temperate, avirulent) |
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lytic results in... |
viral replication and lysis of the cell, or cell death |
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lysogeny results in... |
incorporation of virus genetic material into genetic material of host cell |
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five steps of lysis |
1. attachment 2. penetration 3.biosynthesis 4. maturation 5. release |
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after viral genetic material enter the cell, it becomes integrated into bacterial DNA, is stable and able to replicate along with the host DNA |
llysogenic |
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lysogenic becomes lytic when... |
UV light, X Ray, or environmental stress |
