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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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sterilization
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the process of destroying all forms of life, spores included, and viruses
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disinfection
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the process of destroying vegetative pathogens, but not necessarily endospores or viruses
usually a chemical |
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antisepsis
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chemical disinfection of living tissues. form of disinfectant.
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antiseptic
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a disinfectant safe to use on living tissues
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degerming
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removal of transient microbes from the skin by mechanical cleansing or by use of an antiseptic.
not killing, just removing. |
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asepsis
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without infection; the absence of significant contamination.
physical - ultraviolet or chemical |
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sanitization
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reduction of pathogens on eating and drinking utensils to safe public health levels. done by mechanical cleansing or chemicals.
less than aseptic. remove resease causing pathogens |
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'cide
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means "to kill"
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'stasis
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inhibit the growth of, not necessarily killing
like refrigeration |
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resistance, high to low
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endospores, fungal spores, cegetative cells
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TDP
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lowest temperature at which all the microorganisms in a liquid suspension will be killed in 10 mins
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TDT
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minimal amount of time in which all bacteria in a liquid suspension will be killed at a given temperature
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DRT
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the time, in mins, in which 90% of a population of bacteria at a given temperature will be killed
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boiling (100 C)
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vegetative cells die in 10 mins
spores take longer means of disinfecting, not sterilizing |
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steam under pressure
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15 mins, 15 psi, 121 C sterilizes
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pasteurization
HTST |
63 C for 30 mins vs 72 C for 15 secs
high temperature short time pasteurizaiton does not sterilize |
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UHT
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ultra high temperature treatment to sterilize milk.
used for milk in cartons and stored at room temperature |
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dry heat
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acts by oxidation rxns. denatures proteins and dehydrates cells
incineration.burning over, hot air sterilizing (170 C for 2 hours) |
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filtration
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HEPA filters (high efficiency particulate air) - .3 micro pores
heat sensitive solutions - .22 micro for bacteria, .01 to remove viruses (sterility) |
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cold
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reduces replication of all but psychrotrophs
refrigeration = bacteriostatic, NOT bactericidal |
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desiccation/drying
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water needed for cell division
dry state = bacteriostatic, NOT bactericidal capsules protection |
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osmotic pressure
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salt/sugar preservation
hypertonic environment dehydration, no replication |
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ionizing radiation
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gamma rays, x rays, high energy electron beams = high energy wavelengths.
pulls e- off macromolecules used for surgical gloves, catheters |
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gamma radiation
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books and food
pet food and spices |
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nonionizing radiation
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UV light causes thymine dimers in DNA
germicidal lamps used in hospitals to kill airborne microorganisms harms eyes ! |
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physical methods of microbial control
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heat
filtration cold desiccation osmotic pressure radiation |
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physical methods of microbial control
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heat
filtration cold desiccation osmotic pressure radiation |
