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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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general targets for antibiotic action (7)
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cell wall
DNA gyrase RNA polymerase protein synthesis folate pathway mycolic acids cell membrane |
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kinds of cell wall antibiotic (4)
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beta lactam
vancomycin bacitracin cycloserine |
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kinds of beta lactam (2)
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penicillin
cephalosporin |
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with successive generations, cephalosporins have wider ___ spectrum and narrower ___ spectrum
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gram negative
gram positive |
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____ inhibit DNA gyrase. ___ is an axample
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fluoroquinolones
ciprofloxacin |
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___ inhibits RNA polymerase
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rifamycin
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inhibitors of ribosomal 50s subunit (6)
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macrolides
chloramphenicol synercid puromycin oxazolidinones lincosamides |
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___ is a macrolide. macrolides act by ___.
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erythromycin
blocking the peptide exit channel |
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chloramphenicol action
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binds peptidyl transferase
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puromycin action
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charged tRNA analog
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inhibitors of ribosomal 30s subunit
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tetracyclines
aminoglycosides |
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tetracycline action
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blocks AA-tRNA access to A site
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___ is an aminoglycoside. because ___, aminoglycosides only work on ___
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gentamycin
uptake is depedent on O2-dependent transport aerobes |
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oxazolidinone action and example
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prevent formation of ternary complex: tRNA, EF-Tu, GTP
linezolid |
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other agents acting against protein synthesis
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fusidic acid
mupirocin |
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fusidic acid action
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binds EF-G to ribosome, inhibiting translocation
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mupirocin action and origin
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inhibits isoleucil-tRNA synthetase
P. aeruginosa |
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___ inhibit the folate pathway. an example is ___. folate is necessary for ___. because of ___ the drug effect is ___.
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sulfonamides
sulfamethoxazole DNA synthesis bacteria don't have folate uptake and need to make it for themselves bacteriostatic |
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___ inhibits the synthesis of mycolic acid. These are part of ___ cell membranes.
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isoniazid
mycobacteria |
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general cell membrane targeting agents (2)
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polymyxin
daptomycin |
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daptomycin works on ___ by ___ing. it was isolated from ___.
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gram positive
oligomerizing in plasma membrane, disrupting it Streptococcus roseosporus |
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tigecycline is a ___ which is better because ___
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tetracycline
immune to classical bacterial resistance |
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sulfonamides act on ___, and trimethoprim acts on ___
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DHP synthetase
DHP reductase |
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examples of resistance by chemical inactivation of drug (3)
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beta lactamase
chlormamphenicol acetyl-transferase aminoglycoside modification |
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examples of resistance by efflux pumping (2)
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tetracylcines
macrolides |
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examples of resistance by mutated uptake
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aminoglycosides
fosfomycin |
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erythromycin resistance is regulated in 2 ways: ___ is regulated at level of transcription, and ___ is regulated at level of translation.
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efflux pump
rRNA methylase |
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cycloserine action
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blocks D-Ala--D-Ala synthesis
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fosfomycin action
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inhibits NAM synthesis
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bacitracin action
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inhibits dephosphorylation of C55
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vancomycin action
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binds disaccharide elongation unit
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vancomycin is a ___
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glycopeptide
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