Micro Anat Lecture 0 Development Of Cardiovascular And Respiratory Systems

Front 1

all vertebrate embryos share what common features

Back 1

dorsal aorta
umbilical stalk
heart
ventral aorta
notochord
aortic arch
pharyngeal pouch

Front 2

3 fetal circulatory bypasses

Back 2

ductus arteriosus (shunts blood from the lungs)
oval foramen (allows blood to pass between atriums)
ductus venosus (by pass the liver)

Front 3

cardiac defect: ectopia cordis

Back 3

heart remains in cervical region and doesn't move to thorax

Front 4

5 regions of the tubular heart from cranial to caudal

Back 4

truncus arteriosus
bulbis cordis
ventricle
atrium
sinus venosus

Front 5

cardiac defect: dextrocardia

Back 5

ventricles are on the opposite side of where they are suppose to be

Front 6

cardiac defect: situs inversus

Back 6

right side heart shift

Front 7

in the formation of 4-chambered heart, ventricles separated below and above by ___ and ____

Back 7

by the muscular interventricular septum below

endocardial cushions & spiral septum above

Front 8

cardiac defect: ventricular septal defect

Back 8

blood flows from the left ventricle to the right ventricle through the interventricular foramen

Front 9

explain the two septa that separate the atria in the formation of the 4 chambered heart

Back 9

septum I (primum): develops first and acts as a valve in the fetus

septum II (secundum): has the foramen ovale which is open in the fetus

Front 10

what does the foramen ovale do

Back 10

allows flow of blood from right to left atrium in the fetus

Front 11

cardiac defect: atrial septal defect

Back 11

allows blood flow between the atrium

Front 12

during the division of the truncus arteriosus, what is the spiral septum

Back 12

divides the aorta and pulmonary trunk

also contributes to interventricular septum

Front 13

cardiac defect: persistent truncus arteriosus

Back 13

when the septum in the truncus and corus has failed to form

always accompanied by an interventricular septal defect

Front 14

cardiac defect: transposition of great vessels

Back 14

when the spiral septum does does spiral

Front 15

cardiac defect: tetrology of fallot (4 characteristics)

Back 15

pulmonary stenosis
hypertrophy
overridding aorta
interventricular septal defect

Front 16

the truncus arteriosus empties blood into the ___--> ___--> ___

Back 16

truncus arteriosus -->
ventral aortae -->
aortic arches -->
dorsal aortae

Front 17

what happens to the V aortic arches

Back 17

I, II, V: degenerate
III: common carotid arteries
IV (left): arch of aorta
IV (right): right subclavian artery

Front 18

cardiac defect: double aortic arch

Back 18

persistence of the distal portion of the right dorsal aorta

the double aortic arch forms a vascular ring around the trachea and esophagus

Front 19

what layer of the 3 laminar embryo gives rise to the heart

Back 19

splanchnic mesoderm

Front 20

what is the ducuts arteriosus

Back 20

the left VI arch retains connection to aorta in fetus

Front 21

what does the fetal ductus arteriosus become in the adult

Back 21

ligamentum arteriosum

Front 22

what are the 4 parts of the primitive endodermal tube (gut)

Back 22

pharynx
foregut
midgut
hindgut

Front 23

how are the pharyngeal arches I-VI formed

Back 23

neural crest cells (ectoderm) migrate to around the cranial aspect of gut and form swellings

Front 24

what is the blood supply to the pharyngeal arches

Back 24

each is supplied by an aortic arch

Front 25

what is the laryngotracheal groove

Back 25

groove of endoderm forms in floor of pharynx, deepens to form respiratory diverticulum

Front 26

what is the laryngeal oriface

Back 26

remaining connection of respiratory tract to pharynx

Front 27

In respiratory system development, what does the splanchnic mesoderm form

Back 27

cartilage
smooth muscle
vasculature in lungs