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83 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Listeria monocytogenes |
Gram Positive Rod
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Neisseria meningiditis |
Gram Negative Coccus (Diplococci) |
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Haemophilus influenzae |
Gram Negative Rod |
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
Gram Negative Rod
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Meningitis in Neonates |
Streptococcus agalactiae (G+ cocci) Listeria monocytogenes (G+ rod) Escherichia coli (G- rod) |
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Meningitis in Young Children |
Streptococcus pneumonia (G+ cocci) Neisseria meningiditis (G- diplococci) Haemophilus influenzae (G- rod) |
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Meningitis in Teens |
Neisseria meningiditis (G- diplococci) |
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Meningitis in the Elderly |
Streptococcus pneumoniae (G+ cocci) Listeria monocytogenes (G+ rod) |
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Meningitis of Alcoholics |
Streptococci pneumoniae (G+ cocci) |
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Meningitis of Chemo Patients |
Listeria monocytogenes (Gram+ rod) |
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CSF Shunt Meningitis |
Coagulase Negative Staph |
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Post Neurological Surgery Meningitis |
Staphylococcus aureus (G + cocci) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (G - rod) |
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Head Trauma Meningitis |
Pseudomonas spp. (G - rod) Klebsiella pneumoniae (G - rod, encapsulated) |
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Bacteremia - 5 Most Common |
E. coli S. aureus Coagulase-negative staphylococci Yeasts Hemolytic streptococcu |
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Meningitis after Amnionitis with Premature Rupture |
Bacteroides |
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Bactec Respirometric |
Uses fluorogenic detection of CO2
Resin media increases yield of Staph |
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BacT/Alert 3D |
Detects CO2 by colorimetric pH change |
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VersaTREK |
Monitors gas by pressure monitoring |
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Broth Slide biphase |
CHOC, MAC, and Malt extract top of bottle allows development of earlier colonies Need unvented bottle for anaerobes |
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Lysis-centrifugation (Wampole isolator) |
Centrifuge separates orgs from blood & inoculates to various media Good for fungi and mycobacteria Not so good for Strep. pneumonia and anaerobes |
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Antimicrobial Removal in Blood Cultures |
Dilution w/Septi-cek & Isolator; SPS Resins or Ecosorb (Bactec & BacT/Alert) Cationic & polymeric resins |
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Recovery of Fungi from Blood |
Isolator inoculation of Sabaroud dex Biphase media (inc. Septi-chek) |
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Recovery of Mycobacteria from Blood |
Special Bacted media Isolator-inoculate 7H11 |
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Group A Strep - S. pyogenes Major virulence factor |
M proteins on fimbrae |
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Staph aureus Major virulence factor |
Protein A |
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Gram Negative organisms Major virulence factor |
Endotoxin Results in fever and shock |
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Bacteria that can live intracellularly |
Chlamydia Mycobacterium Brucella Listeria |
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Staph aureus Toxin? |
Exfoliative toxin - Scalded skin syndrome Enterotoxin |
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Strep pyogenes Toxin? |
Ertyhogenic Scarlet fever |
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Clostridium tetani Toxin? |
Tetanus |
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Corynebacterium diphtheriae Toxin? |
Diphtheria |
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Clostridium botulinum Toxin? |
Botulin - Botulism |
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Scalded skin syndrome |
Staph aureus |
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Scarlet fever |
Strep pyogenes (Group A) |
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Clostridium perfringens Enzyme? |
Collagenase Disintegrates the ground surface of tissues |
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Staph aureus Enzyme? |
Coagulase - Coagulates plasma Leukocidin - Kills cells and WBCs |
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Staph & Strep Enzyme? |
Hyaluronidase - Hydrolyzes hyalluronic acid |
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Intoxication |
Ingestion of pre-formed toxins ex: food poisoning |
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Strep pneumoniae - Structural virulence factor |
Polysaccharide capsule |
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Group A Strep (S. pyogenes) - Structural virulence factor |
Hyaluronic acid capusule Fimbrae with M proteins |
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Staph Aureus - Structural virulence factor |
Protein A |
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Gram Negative Organisms - Structural virulence factor |
Lipid A - endotoxin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Produces fever and shock |
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Rash producing exotoxins |
S. pyogenes S. aureus |
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First line of defence against infection |
Physical barriers Mucous membrane secretions Sebaceous gland secretions Cilia Normal flora |
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Mucous membrane secretions |
Lysozymes Lactoferrin IgA |
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Second line of defense against infection |
Inflammatory response Phagocytosis Host immune response |
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Humoral immunity |
AKA Antigenic immunity B lymphocytes |
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Cell-mediated immunity |
T lymphocytes |
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Pharyngitis / tonsilitis |
Strep pyogenes (GRP A) Other beta hemolytic Strep (GRP C, G) Arcanobacterium haemolyticum Fever, headache, sore throat |
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Pharyngitis / tonsilitis - Complications |
Rheumatic Heart Disease Glomerular Nephritis Bacteremia |
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Whooping cough - Stages |
Stage 1 - Catarrhal Stage 2 - Paroxysmal Stage 3 - Convalescent |
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Bulls Neck Pseudomembrane |
Diphtheria |
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Acute epiglottitis - Organism |
Haemophilus influenzae |
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Acute epiglottitis - Symptoms |
Swelling and inflammation of epiglottis Fever Respiratory obstruction Generally in kids aged 2-6 yoa |
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Normal Skin Flora |
CNS Diphtheroids Propionibacteria GPC (Staph, Strep, Micrococcus) Mycobacteria Clostridia Enterics Yeast |
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Community Acquired Skin Infections |
Staph aureus Strep pyogenes Enterobacteriaceae Pseudomonas aeruginosa Anaerobes Misc. bacteria and fungi |
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Bite Wounds |
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae - Erysipeloid Pasteurella multocida - Pasteurellosis Franscicella tularensis Bacillus anthracis Capnocytophaga Eikenella |
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Environmental organisms causing skin infection |
Vibrio Aeromonas Clostridium Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae |
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Community acquired skin infections Misc orgs |
Francisella tularensis Anthrax Mycetoma (Eumycotic & Actinomycotic) Nocardia |
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Nosocomial Skin Infections Surgical wounds |
Staph. aureus |
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Nosocomial Skin Infections Indwelling Devices |
CNS, etc |
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Nosocomial Skin Infections Burns |
S. aureus Pseudomonas |
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Nosocomial Skin Infections Fungal agents |
Candida Tinea corporis Tinea capitis |
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Nosocomial Skin Infections Mycobacteria |
Mycobacteria tuberculosis Mycobacteria marinum Mycobacterium leprae Mycobacterium chelonei Treponema pallidum |
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Nosocomial Skin Infections
Viral |
Papillomaviruses Varicella-zoster Herpes simplex Rubeola - measles Rubella - German measles Human parvovirus B19 - Fifth disease |
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Nosocomial Skin Infections Parasites |
Sarcoptes scabeie Onchocerca volvulus |
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Cellulitis |
Impetigo Boils, furuncles, carbuncles, bullous impetigo Reysipelas (S. pyogenes) |
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Human Bite Wounds - Organisms |
Staph Strep |
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Puncture / Trauma Wounds Organisms |
Staph Enterobacteriaceae Pseudomonas Clostridium Fungi |
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Actinomycotic mycetoma (Bacterial) |
Nocardia Actinomadura Streptomyces |
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Eumycotic mycetoma (Fungal) |
Pseudollescheria boydii |
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Decubitus Ulcers |
Mixed S. aureus P. auriginosa Enterobacteriaceae |
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Toxin mediated Cutaneous Infections |
Bacteremia / sepsis Scalded skin syndrome (Ritter's disease) Scarlet fever |
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Bacitracin Sensitive Staph species |
Micrococcus |
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Oxidase Positive Staph |
Micrococcus |
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Bacitracin susceptible Strep |
Strep. pyogenes Strep. pneumoniae |
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Hippurate Positive Strep |
Strep agalactiae (GRP B) |
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CAMP Positive Strep |
Strep agalactiae (GRP B) |
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Bile Esculin Positive Strep |
Strep group D Enterococcus |
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Of Group D Strep or Enterococcus, which is PYR / 6.5% NaCl Positive |
Enterococcus |
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Beta hemolytic Strep |
Strep pyogenes (GRP A) Strep agalactiae (GRP B) Misc |
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Alpha hemolytic Strep |
Strep pneumoniae Viridans group |
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Group D Strep and Enterococcus hemolysis |
Any |
