Micro 11/28/07

Front 1

The basic unit or smallest sugar molecule is?

Back 1

A Monsaccharide

Front 2

Characteristic types of bacteria with a thick multi layered peptido-glycan cell wall?

Back 2

Is Gram Negitive

Front 3

Structure that cell respiration occurs in?

Back 3

Mitochondria

Front 4

When a cell ruptures it is refered to as ?

Back 4

Lysis

Front 5

Term for protiens being unfolded by heat or other external forces.

Back 5

Denaturation

Front 6

Amino acids are connected by ? bonds?

Back 6

Peptide bonds

Front 7

The principal energy molecule for all cells is?

Back 7

ATP

Front 8

Rod shaped bacteria is refered to as?

Back 8

Bacillus

Front 9

A bacterial chromosome is contained in a structure called?

Back 9

Nucleoid

Front 10

Smaller circular bacterial DNA that operate independently of the main DNA?

Back 10

Plasmid

Front 11

A term referring to a substance being chemicaly altered during transport across a prokaryotes membrane.

Back 11

Group Translocation

Front 12

An organelle that contains hydrolytic digestive enzymes for recycling of old parts and digestion of bacteria.

Back 12

Lysosomes

Front 13

Organic non-protien molecules, often vitamins, that activate enzymes are called?

Back 13

Coenzymes

Front 14

Term for a reaction that creates more energy?

Back 14

Exergonic

Front 15

A process that causes the destruction of all life forms?

Back 15

Steralization

Front 16

Term for the microbe that get introduced into a culture medium?

Back 16

Inoculums

Front 17

A double carbon nitrogen base on a nucleotide is called a?

Back 17

Purine

Front 18

The part of the DNA that is expressed as a product or transcribed is also known as an?

Back 18

Exon

Front 19

The term that describes the conversion of codes of nucleotides into the language of the amino acids and their sequence?

Back 19

Translation

Front 20

The process of shutting down DNA production usually controlled by the end product.

Back 20

Repression

Front 21

The lowest temperature at which all microbes will die in 10 min is called the?

Back 21

Thermal death point

Front 22

The term for the absence of contamination?

Back 22

Asepsis

Front 23

Name of the molecule produced by rRNA?

Back 23

Ribosomes

Front 24

Genes that are constantly turned on are referred to as?

Back 24

Constitutive

Front 25

Name of enzyme that opens up the DNA for DNA replication?

Back 25

DNA helicase

Front 26

New proteins are picked up by old protiens that instruct are called?

Back 26

Chapperones

Front 27

Tem for preserving food using any method that removes the water?

Back 27

Desiccation

Front 28

Nucleosomes are composed of 8 circular protiens called?

Back 28

Inoculums

Front 29

A sequence of 3 DNA nucleotides that code for one amino acid?

Back 29

Base Triplet

Front 30

The enzyme that opens up the DNA helix for protien synthesis?

Back 30

RNA polymerase

Front 31

Name off the type of polysaccharide that makes up the cell walls of fungi and insects?

Back 31

Chitin

Front 32

Cold loving microbes are called?

Back 32

Phychrophiles

Front 33

The site where a non-competitive inhibitor would bind to an enzyme?

Back 33

Allosteric

Front 34

The addition of phosphorouse to a compound is called?

Back 34

Phosphorylation

Front 35

The protien portiion of the enzyme together with its non-protien portion is called?

Back 35

Holo-enzyme

Front 36

The non-protien portion of an enzyme required for its activation?

Back 36

Cofactor

Front 37

The protien portion of the enzyme is called?

Back 37

Apoenzyme

Front 38

The classification of a reaction that describes when an electron is removed from a molecule?

Back 38

Oxidation

Front 39

The first step in cellular respiration is called?

Back 39

Glycolysis

Front 40

Name of the organism that lives off either dead or live tissue?

Back 40

Saprophytes

Front 41

Plasmids that are responsible for helping microbes become resistant to antibiotics are called?

Back 41

Hemotoxins

Front 42

What molecule that is part of a gram neg bacteria membrane becomes a toxin?

Back 42

LPS

Front 43

Name of the toxins that destroy RBC's?

Back 43

Hemolysis

Front 44

When exotoxins are prepared in a lab to be a vaccine they are called?

Back 44

Toxoid

Front 45

Name of the protien molecules produced by the microbes that steal iron from iron carrying molecules of the host?

Back 45

Siderophore

Front 46

A non-living substance that causes disruption of normal bodily functions?

Back 46

Posion

Front 47

Name of the primary surface molecules that helps microbes bind to complimentary surface of the host?

Back 47

Ligand

Front 48

When several types of bacteria colonize they are called a?

Back 48

Bio Film

Front 49

Name of the route of entry when a microbe is deposited directly beneath the skin?

Back 49

Paranteral

Front 50

Any non-living object capable of transmitting a microbe?

Back 50

Fomite

Front 51

Term that refers to one organism being benfited and the other is unaffected?

Back 51

Commensulism

Front 52

Part of the genetic code that can be activated to develop cancer cells by mutagenic substances?

Back 52

Oncogenes

Front 53

What is the term that refers to the variation in surface antigens exhibited by some pathogens?

Back 53

Antigenic

Front 54

A chemical that the body produces to combat the presence of exotoxins?

Back 54

Antitoxin

Front 55

Any life threatening loss of blood pressure defines what condition?

Back 55

Shock

Front 56

What is the term for a hospital acquired infection?

Back 56

Nosocomial

Front 57

The objective manifestions of a disease are also referred to as the ( ) of the disease?

Back 57

Signs

Front 58

When a microbe remains inactive in the host the medical term refers to it as being?

Back 58

Latent

Front 59

The term that refers to bacteria multiplying in the blood?

Back 59

Sepsis

Front 60

When the microbe has spread throughout the whole body it is?

Back 60

Systemic

Front 61

A world wide epidmic is referred to as a?

Back 61

Pandemic

Front 62

When a specific group of signs and syptoms go with a particular disease, it is referred to as a?

Back 62

Syndrome

Front 63

A term for a disease that is always present?

Back 63

Endemic

Front 64

Term for when a condition develops fast and lasts a short time?

Back 64

Acute

Front 65

People who transmit a disease without having any signs or symptoms?

Back 65

Carrriers

Front 66

The term for the early stage of a disease with only mild symptoms?

Back 66

Prodromal

Front 67

Fungal infections are called?

Back 67

Mycosis

Front 68

Short peices of naked RNA that can spread infection from a plant by pollen and seeds?

Back 68

Viroid

Front 69

A pure protien that causes a disease?

Back 69

Prion

Front 70

Viruses that are capable of causing cancer are called______viruses?

Back 70

Mutagenic

Front 71

Live vehicals used in genetic engineering for reproducing desired DNA sequences that produce products are called?

Back 71

Vectors

Front 72

A chemical that is structurely similar to a normal base that could cause a mutation?

Back 72

Nucleotide analogue

Front 73

The actual physical properties that are manifest by genetic codes?

Back 73

Phenotype

Front 74

When a bacteria lysis and release its DNA that is picked up by another bacteria , what type of DNA transfer is this?

Back 74

Transformation

Front 75

What is the structure in bacteria that codes for proteins designed to strengthen the pathogeneic nature of the bacteria?

Back 75

Plasmid

Front 76

The protien coat surrounding a virus is called?

Back 76

Capsid

Front 77

When a virus infects a bacteria it is then called?

Back 77

Bacteriaphages

Front 78

Infectious agents that are responseible for thrush?

Back 78

Candida

Front 79

Common microbe that is normal part of chicken intestinal flora?

Back 79

Salmonella

Front 80

Name the bacteria that causes montazuma's revenge?

Back 80

Shigella

Front 81

Name the most common infection introduced into surgical wounds in the hospital?

Back 81

Staph-aureus

Front 82

A type of flatworm?

Back 82

Trematode

Front 83

Name the bacteria that is often blamed for causing ulcer's?

Back 83

Helic-bacter-pylori

Front 84

Name for the roundworms?

Back 84

Nematode

Front 85

Diatoms fall under what catergory of organsims?

Back 85

Algae

Front 86

Name of the most common mold found in water damaged homes?

Back 86

Stachybotrys

Front 87

What category of microbes are giardia lambia?

Back 87

Protazoa

Front 88

The study of fungus is called?

Back 88

Mycology

Front 89

If a microbe can make you sick the microbe is?

Back 89

Pathogenic

Front 90

The fluid portion inside the cell membrane not including organelles or the nuceus?

Back 90

Cytosol

Front 91

A term that refers to a prokaryote having a spherical shape?

Back 91

Coccus

Front 92

The degree to which a microbe can cause a disease refers to its?

Back 92

Virulance

Front 93

A synthesis reaction in a living organism is referred to as?

Back 93

Anabolic

Front 94

An enzymes purposes is to react with specific molecules referred to as the enzymes?

Back 94

Substrate

Front 95

Small circular DNA is prokaryotes that is not part of the main DNA of the microbe?

Back 95

Plasmid

Front 96

A sugar coated material that makes bacteria very sticky?

Back 96

Glycocalyx

Front 97

Similiar atoms with different numbers of neutrons are called?

Back 97

Isotopes

Front 98

Which is NOT true of RNA?
1. It is a singel stranded nucleic acid.
2. It interprets the code of DNA.
3. Thymine is replaced by uracil.
4. It directs the syntheses of glycoliped molecules.

Back 98

D, it directs the synthesis of glycolipid molecules.

Front 99

Which is NOT true of bound ribosomes?

Back 99

They combine protiens to carbohydrates and fats.

Front 100

Is DPT a nucleic acid?

Back 100

NO

Front 101

Is Clycolipid a protein?

Back 101

NO

Front 102

Which method of moving molecules through a cell membrane requires the most energy?

Back 102

Active transport

Front 103

Which is NOT true of mitochondria?
A. They can divide themselves.
B. The DNA they contain is only transferred from ther mothers mitochondria DNA.
C. They increase in numbers with exercise.
D. They are capable of producing glucose for energy.

Back 103

They are capable of producing glucose for energy

Front 104

Which does not apply to the breaking of larger molecules to smaller ones?

Back 104

Dehydration reaction

Front 105

Is this statement true or false? Endotoxins are released from bacteria by endocytosis.

Back 105

Its not true

Front 106

Which is NOT true of exotoxins?
A. They are lipoprotiens
B. Genes for exotoxins are carried on the plasmid.
C. They are either gram positive or gram negitive.
D. They are aolublein water so easily get into the blood.

Back 106

They are lipoproteins

Front 107

Which is NOT a virus known to cause cancer?
A. Herpes
B. Pox
C. Clostridium
D. Epstein Barr

Back 107

Clostriduim

Front 108

The basic units or building blocks of sugars are?

Back 108

Monosaccharides

Front 109

Microwaves safely kill most pathogens after 15 min in the microwave?

Back 109

False

Front 110

A hydrophilic molecule is a polar molecule?

Back 110

True

Front 111

Materials that have been autoclaved may still contain some endotoxins?

Back 111

True

Front 112

Endotoxins cause the body to produce high amounts of antitoxins to neutralize them?

Back 112

False

Front 113

Type III exotoxins are also called superantigens?

Back 113

False

Front 114

AB toxins are more effective on hosts that are AB blood types?

Back 114

False

Front 115

With Ab toxins there are 2 parts, Part A attaches to the host and Part B is the lethal part that kills the host cell?

Back 115

False

Front 116

Most pathogenic microbes require iron?

Back 116

True

Front 117

Colagenase protects the hosts connective tissue from microbial damage?

Back 117

False

Front 118

It is important that an expected mother eat well so that the fetus will resist infectious agents in the utero?

Back 118

False

Front 119

Women who get repetitive vaginal yeast infections should douch more often?

Back 119

False

Front 120

Infectious is describe as the invasion of the body by any microbe?

Back 120

False

Front 121

Streptococcus pneumonia is normal if found in the nose and throat?

Back 121

True

Front 122

Morbility refers to the number of deaths caused by a disease among a certain population during a given time period?

Back 122

False

Front 123

Toxins are poisonous substances?

Back 123

True

Front 124

A person would be asymptomatic if they had a subclinical infection?

Back 124

True

Front 125

A non cummunicable disease can't spread from host to host?

Back 125

True

Front 126

Enterobacteriales inhabit the human digestive tract?

Back 126

True

Front 127

E coli is normal bacteria for the human gut and makes vitamin B for us?

Back 127

True

Front 128

Streptococcus causes the greatest number of diseases?

Back 128

True

Front 129

The flu virus would be an enveloped virus and thus a more virulent virus?

Back 129

True

Front 130

Nucleoids are encased by a nuclear envelope?

Back 130

True

Front 131

A primary function of carbohydrat is to coat cells for cellular communication?

Back 131

False

Front 132

Cholesterol is a very important steroid molecule?

Back 132

True

Front 133

Gram positive bacteria stains very well because it has many layers of peptidoglycans?

Back 133

True

Front 134

In naming a bacteria the term staphlo means "rod shaped"?

Back 134

False

Front 135

Gram Negative bacteria contain no teichoic acids?

Back 135

True

Front 136

Facilitated transport moves large molecules across the cell membrane using a protein carrier and requires energy?

Back 136

False

Front 137

Carbohydrate molecules are easy to recognize because there are always twice as many carbon atoms as there are oxygen and hydrogen atoms?

Back 137

False