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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Microbiology is a broad term which includes ______, ______, and ______
What are Bacteria? |
Bacteriology
Mycology Virology Bacteria are cellular organisms with a procaryotic type of cell structure. |
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What are the 3 Domains?
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Archaea - extreme bacteria
Bacteria - common Gram +/- bacteria Eukarya - plants, animals, fungi, etc... |
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Eukaryote vs Prokaryote
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Biggest difference - Membrane bound nucleus in Eukaryote.
Eukaryote also has many more organelles. |
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Gram POS wall (peptidoglycan layer) is thicker/thinner than Gram NEG.
Gram POS wall contains a unique component - ___________? |
Thicker
Teichoic Acid |
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Gram NEG coating really has 3 layers.
Name from deep to superficial |
Plasma membrane, Peptidoglycan, Lipopolysaccharide
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Morphological Terminology:
1. Spherical 2. Cylindrical 3. Ovular 4. Elongated Football 5. Comma Shaped (Boomerang) 6. Loose helix 7. Tight helix |
1. Coccus
2. Bacillus 3. Coccobacillus 4. Fusiform Bacillus 5. Vibrio 6. Spirillum 7. Spirochete |
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Associative Terminology:
1. Alone 2. Paired 3. In Clusters 4. In Chains |
1. Individual
2. Diplo- 3. Staphylo- 4. Strepto- |
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Classifying Bacteria by Growth Characteristics
4 Major Ways |
1. O2 req
(aerobe, anaerobe [microaerophilic, aerotolerant], facultative) 2. Spore Forming 3. Intra/Extra -cellular 4. Fastidious / Non-Fastidious |
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Eznyme involved in hemolysis?
Types of Hemolysis? |
Hemolosin
Beta - Complete Alpha - partial Gamma - does not lyse |
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What are Viruses?
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Noncellular infectious agents containing both protein and nucleic acid.
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Viral Morphologies:
1. Filoviridae 2. Rhabdoviridae 3. Paramyxovirus |
1. Incredibly long, filamental viruses. ~800nm (huge for virus)
2. Bullet shaped virion 3. Enveloped Pleiomorphic Blobs |
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What is the key difference between an Enveloped and Non-Enveloped virus?
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Enveloped tend to be more labile in the outside environment.
Non-enveloped tend to be more stable in the outside environment. |
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Viral Replication Cycle
(6 steps) Eclipse Period? |
1. Attachment
2. Uptake/Penetration 3. Uncoating 4. Replication of viral nucleic acids, Synth of viral proteins 5. Assembly and Maturation 6. Release End of 2 to Start of 6 Period bw end of viral particles entering cell - to the first release of viral particles from the cell. |
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Definitions:
1. Infection 2. Disease |
1. Condition in which pathogenic microbes penetrate host defenses, enter tissue, and multiply.
2. any deviation from health, disruption of a tissue or organ caused by microbes/microbial products |
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Definitions (cont):
3. True Pathogens 4. Opportunistic Pathogens |
3. Capable of causing Dz in healthy persons w/normal immune defenses. (flu, plague, malaria)
4. Cause Dz when host's defenses are compromised (Pseudomonas, Candida) |
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Definitions (cont):
5. Localized Infection 6. Systemic Infection 7. Mixed Infection 8. Primary Infection 9. Secondary Infection |
5. Microbes enter body and remain confined to specific tissue
6. Infection spreads to several sites and tissues (usually by blood) 7. Several Microbes grow simultaneously at infection site 8. initial infection 9. another infection by a different microbe |
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Definitions (cont):
10. Sequelae 11. Mortaility Rate 12. Morbidity Rate 13. Endemic 14. Epidemic 15. Pandemic 16. Sporadic |
10. Long-Term or Permanent damage to tissues/organs
11. # Deaths in a population due to a certain Dz 12. # Afflicted with certain Dz 13. Dz with a relatively steady frequency in a given area 14. when prevalence of Dz is increased beyond expectations 15. epidemic across continents 16. occasional cases reported at irregular intervals |
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Definitions (cont):
17. Reservoir of Infection 18. Living Reservoir 19. Nonliving Reservoir |
17. Primary habitat in the natural world from which a pathogen originates.
18. May be (a)symptomatic. Passive carriers or Vectors 19. Soil, Water |
