Micrb 201 Exam 4, Microbes And Their Environment

Front 1

• Ecosystems?

Back 1

o Communities of organisms and their physical and chemical environments that function as self-regulating units

Front 2

• Niche?

Back 2

o Microenvironment within an ecosystem occupied by specific organisms

Front 3

• Primary production?

Back 3

o Synthesis of organic matter from CO2 and other inorganic compounds

Front 4

o Primary producers?

Back 4

 Organisms that carry out primary production

Front 5

• Decomposers?

Back 5

o Decompose accumulated organic matter

Front 6

• Consumers

Back 6

o Use accumulated organic matter as food supply

Front 7

o Grazers?

Back 7

eat primary producers

Front 8

o Predators eat

Back 8

other organisms in food web

Front 9

• Biogeochemical cycling of nutrients
o Involves __________
o Often involves _________

Back 9

biological and chemical processes
redox reactions that change chemical and physical characteristics of nutrients

Front 10

• All nutrient cycles are _________

Back 10

linked and have global-level impacts

Front 11

Carbon cycle
• Major reservoir is _____
o ___________reservoir is ____________

Back 11

ocean
Atmospheric
much smaller

Front 12

• Aerobic carbon cycling?
Produces?

Back 12

o Photosynthesis fixes CO2 into biomass
 Produces O2 and organic carbon compounds

Front 13

o Lithotrophs also

Back 13

reduce CO2 to biomass

Front 14

o Respiration returns _______
 Net gain of___, loss of ___ in _____

Back 14

CO2 to atmosphere
O2, CO2 , photic zone

Front 15

Carbon cycle has ______ rate than __________

Back 15

Lower cycling
aerobic cycles

Front 16

o Fermentation, lithotrophic respiration?

Back 16

 Breakdown of biomass carbon
 Formation of peat, oil, gas

Front 17

Nitrogen cycle?

Back 17

• Multiple oxidation states of nitrogen make the cycle more complicated than the carbon cycle

Front 18

____________crucial for nitrogen conversion

Back 18

• Prokaryotes

Front 19

• “The Nitrogen Triangle”
o Both _________N used for biomass

Back 19

reduced and oxidized

Front 20

Atmospheric N2 <->oxidized N via?

Back 20

Denitrification

Front 21

reduced N <-> Atmosheric N2 via?

Back 21

Fixation

Front 22

Reduced N <-> oxidized N via?

Back 22

Nitrification

Front 23

• Many metals used by bacteria
including?

Back 23

Mn, Hg, As, Cr, V, Se, U

Front 24

• Bacteria detoxify some elements...Ex?

Back 24

Soluble U (VI)→insoluble U (IV)

Front 25

• Bacteria make some elements more toxic...ex?

Back 25

o Hg0→(CH3)Hg+
 (Methyl mercury can cross blood-brain barrier)