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71 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Clonorchis sinensis is a: A) Trematode B) Cestode C) Nematode |
Trematode |
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Taenia pisiformis is a: A) Trematode B) Cestode C) Nematode |
Cestode |
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Enterobius vermicularis is a: A) Trematode B) Cestode C) Nematode |
Nematode |
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Necater americanus is a: A) Trematode B) Cestode C) Nematode |
Nematode |
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Wuchereria bancrofti is a: A) Trematode B) Cestode C) Nematode |
Nematode |
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What disease is caused by Clonorchis sinenis? |
Clonorchiasis (liver disease) |
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What disease is caused by Taenia pisiformis? |
Dog tape worm |
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What disease is caused by Enterobius vermicularis? |
Human pin worm |
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What disease is caused by Necator americanus? |
New world hookworm |
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What disease is caused by Wuchereria bancrofti? |
Lymphatic Filariasis |
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What is the site of infection for Clonorchis sinensis? |
Liver |
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What is the site of infection for Taenia pisiformis? |
Small intestine |
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What is the site of infection for Enterobius vermicularis? |
Eggs hatch in the duodenum and mature in the large intestine |
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What is the site of infection for Necator americanus? |
attach and mature in the small intestine |
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What is the site of infection for Wuchereria bancrofti? |
Large lymphatic vessel |
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What is another word for Ascaris lumbricoides? |
Roundworm |
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What is the difference between a male and a female roundworm? |
-Females are infectious (lay eggs) -Females may reach up to 49cm |
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What diseases do round worms cause? |
-Young worms in the the lungs can cause Ascaris pneumonia as a result |
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Where are round worms found? |
Commonly found in tropical regions |
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Trematodes are an example of : A) Flukes B) Roundworms C) Tapeworms |
Flukes |
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Nematodes are an example of : A) Flukes B) Roundworms C) Tapeworms |
Roundworms |
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Cestodes are an example of : A) Flukes B) Roundworms C) Tapeworms |
Tapeworms |
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What are the 4 major groups of tramtodes? |
Blood flukes Intestinal flukes Liver flukes Lung flukes |
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What is the tough, outer covering around nematodes (roundworms)? |
Cuticle |
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What is the life cycle of a nematode (roundworm)? |
Egg==>Larvae==>Adult |
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What are free living parasites of humans, plants, and animals? |
Nematodes (roundworms) |
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What type of helminth is unsegnmented, elongated and cylindrical? |
Nematodes (roundworm) |
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What type of helminth are hermaphrodites and require intermediate host? |
Cestodes (tapeworms) |
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What type of helminth have a flat body and are either white or grey in color? |
Cestodes (tapeworms) |
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What type of helminth have a complete GI system? |
Nematodes (roundworm) |
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What type of helminth does not have a digestive system and just absorbs their nutrients? |
Cestodes (tapeworm) |
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What type of host is immature and will just experience symptoms? A) INtermediate B) Definitive |
Intermediate Host |
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What type of host is in a mature form and causes diseases? A) Intermediate B) Definitive |
Definitive |
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Howdoes the Mannitol Salts Agar plate act as a selective and adifferential medium?
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-Mannitol provides the substrate for fermentation and makes the medium differential -Sodium Chloride makes the medium selective because its concentration is high enough to hydrate and kill most bacteria |
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What are the ingredients in a MSA plate? |
-Carbohydrate mannitol -7.5% Sodium Chloride -pH indicator phenol red |
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What does the carbohydate mannitol test for in a MSA plate? |
Provides the substrate for fermentation of mannitol |
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What does the 7.5% Sodium chloride test for in a MSA plate? |
Dehydrates and kills off most bacteria |
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What does the Phenol red test for in a MSA plate? |
yellow=below pH 6.8 red= pH 7.4-8.4 pink = pH 8.4 or above |
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S.aureus ferments mannitol. What would the plate look like after incubation? |
-Ferments mannitol which produces acids and lowers pH -Formation of bright yellow colonies surrounded by a yellow halo |
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Whatare the different components of a blood agar plate? |
-5% blood (frequently sheep blood) -Tryptic Soy Agar |
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Whatare the types of hemolysis you may see in a blood agar plate and what do they look like? |
-Beta Hemolysis:complete destruction of RBCs and hemoglobin resulting in a clearning of the medium around the colonies -Alpha Hemolysis: partial destruction of RBCs and produces greenish discoloration of the agar around colonies -Gamma Hemolysis: no hemolysis and appears as simple gorwth |
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Why can’t you do a catalase test on blood agar? |
Red blood cells are catalase + which may result in a false positive |
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In perfoming the blood agar test, whichbacterium were we specifically looking for in this test? |
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Whatis the purpose of the Snyder agar test? |
Designed to measure suceptibility to dental caries (tooth decay) |
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What color changes might be seen in the Snyder Agar Test and what do they mean? |
Yellow at 24 hrs= high suceptibility yellow at 48 hrs= moderate suceptibility yellow at 72 hrs = low suceptibilty yellow after 72 hrs = negative |
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How do you calculate cfu/ml? |
# of colonies X dilution X 10 |
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Howdoes the MacConkey agar plate act as a selective and a differential medium? |
Selective for Gram-negative organisms and contain indicators to diferentiate lactose fermenters from lactose non-fermenters |
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What are the ingredients in a MacConkey agar plate? Whatdo they inhibit? What do they test for? |
Bile salts and crystal violet inhibit growth of gram-positive bacteria |
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E.coli ferments lactose. What would the MacConkey Agar plate look like after incubation? |
colonies turn pink to a red color |
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What does the EMB agar plate tell you about yourorganism? |
Isolates fecal coliforms |
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Whatare the ingredients of the EMB agar plate and what do they inhibit? |
-Digest of gelatin: provides roganic carbon and nitrogen -Lactose: fermented to acid-end products -Dyes Eosin Y & Methylene Blue: inhibit growth of most gram + organisms and react with lactose fermenters turning dark purple or black |
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E.coli strongly ferments lactose. What would the emb plate look like after incubation? |
Dark purple or black in color with green metallic sheen |
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Whatdid the tomato juice agar test for? |
tests for presence of lactobacilli |
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Islactobacilli bacterium catalase +/-? |
negative; incubated in an anerobic jar |
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Whatdid the SF broth test for? |
presence of Enterococcus faecalis |
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Howwould you tell if the bacterium was present/absent in the SF broth? |
if broth turns yellow, bacterium is present |
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What does TSI agar stand for? |
Triple Sugar Iron Agar |
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Whatdid the TSI “big butt” slant test for? |
-glucose fermentation -lactose fermentation -sucrose fermentation -sulfur reduction |
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How do you inoculate a TSI agar slant? |
-stab in the agar but with the needle -fishtail streak of slant with loop |
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Howcan you tell if a bacterium only ferments glucose in a TSI agar slant? |
slant will turn red with a yellow butt |
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How can you tell if a bacterium ferments glucose and lactose/sucrose in a TSI agar slant? |
slant will turn yellow with a yellow butt |
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Briefly describe the use/purpose of an Enterotube. |
multiple test system used for rapid identification of bacteria from the family enterobacteriaceae |
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Describe a clean catch for a male |
-Take specimen cup -wash hands -pull back foreskin to expose meaus -clean meatus with cleansing pad -void a small amount in toilet -collect midstream -do not collect last drops to avoid introduction of prostaic secreations |
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Describe a clean catch for a women |
-Take specimen cup -wash hands -separate labia to expose urethral opening -clean urethral opening with cleansing pad from front to back -void a small amount in toilet -collect midstream |
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Whyis the number of cfu/mL from the MacConkey agar different from that of theblood agar? |
the blood agar plate shows growth of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria |
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What are the cutoffs that must be met for drinking water and waterfor swimming? |
drinking water = any fecal colony forming bacteria is unsafe swimming water= more than 400 fecal colony forming bacteria |
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What is the name of the toxin in the SF broth? |
Sodium azide |
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What do tapeworms use for attachment? |
Anterior scolex |
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Cest0des (tapeworms) have a chain of what? |
Proglottids |
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What is the equation for the catalase test? |
2H202==>2h20 + 02 |
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What is the name of the pH indicator used in Snyder agar |
Broncecesol green |
