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75 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Obligate intracellular parasites
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mode of nutrition for acellular viruses
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Viron
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complete fully develpoed infectious viral particle composed of neucleic acid surrounded by a protien coat that protects it from the enviroment
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Capsid
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protien coat that surrounds the nucleic acid
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capsomenres
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subunits of the protein coat
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Envelope
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In some cases, viruses are covered by it
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Spikes
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cover the envolope used to help birus arrach to the host cell
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Bacteriophages
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grown in bacteria cultures
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Embryonated eggs
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amniotic inoculatin, yolk sac, embryo itself
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Cell Cultures
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replaced embryonated eggs as teh preferred type of growth medium for many viruses.
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Viral Multiplication
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Attachment
Penentration Biosynthesis Maturation Release |
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DNA Oncogenic Viruses
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causative agents of Burketts lymphomas
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RNA Oncogenic Viruses
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human t-cell lukemia viruses
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Latent Viral Incections
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can remain equilibrium with the host and not actually produce disease for long periods
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Chickenpox Birus
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exist in latent stat in nerve cells. Later changes in the immune response can activate these latent viruses causeing shingles
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Prions(protienaceous infectious particle)
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Pure protein causative agent, which causes neurological diseases in animals
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Viroids
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short pices of naked RNA, only 300-400 nucleotides.
Have only been shown to be plant pathogens |
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Chickenpox
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Varicella
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Shingles
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Herpes Zoster(latent Varicella virus)
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German Measles
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Rubella
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Red or Hard measles
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Rubeola
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Poliomyelitis
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Polio of infantile paralysis
Vaccine: Sabin |
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Smallpox
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Variola Major
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Mumps
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paramyxovirus
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Rabies(hydrophobia)
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Rabies virus
Pasteur developed first vaccine |
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Ebola
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Hemorrhagic fever
filovirus which causes a disease with mortality rate approaching 90% |
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West Nile
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Western equine encephalitis
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Hepatitis A
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infectious hepatitis transmited through fecal contaminated food and drink
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Hepatitis B
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Serum hepatitis
Transmitted through blood, saliva, breastmilk, and semen |
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AIDS
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Kills cells with CD4 antigens and kills Th cells
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Cold Sores and Fever blisters
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Herpes simplex(hsv-1)
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Genital Herpes
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Herpes Simples(hsv-2)
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Influenza
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many different strains
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Common cold
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cold virus-no vaccine
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Epidemiology
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science that studies when and where a disease occurs and how it is transmitted
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Pathology
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concerned with the cause of the disease of the etiology
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Etiology
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cause of the disease
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Infection
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invasion or colonization of the body by pathogenic microorganisms
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Disease
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infection results in any change from a state of heath
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Normal microbiota
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normal flora microorganisms that establish permanent residence but do not produce disease under normal conditions
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Transient microbiota
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may be present for several days or weeks then disappears
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Microbial antagonism
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normal microbiota benefit the host by preventing the overgrowth of harmful microorganisms
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Symbiosis
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relationship between host and microorganisms
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Commensalism
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one of the organisms benefits and the other is unaffected
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Mutualism
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both organisms benefits
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Protocooperation
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two organisms that cannot live without the presence of each other
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Parasitism/predation
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one organism is benefited and the expense og the other
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Koch's Postulates
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1. Same pathogen must gbe present in ever case of disease
2. Pathogen must be isolated from the disease host and grown in pure culture. 3. Pathogen from pure culture must cause the disease when it is innoculated into a healthy, susceptible laboratory animal 4. Pathogen must be isolate from the inoculated animal and must be shown to be the original organism |
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Symptoms
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changes in body function such as pain and malaise
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Signs
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changes the physician can observe and measure
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Syndrome
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specific group of symptoms or signs always accompany a disease
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Communicable disease
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spread from one host to another
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Contagious diseases
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easily spread from one person to another
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non communicable diseases
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not spread from one host to another
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Sporadic disease
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disease that ony occurs occasionally
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Endemic disease
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disease taht is constantly present in a polpulation
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Epidemic disease
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spread of disease in a given area ina relatively short period
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Pandemic Disease
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epidemic that occurs worldwide
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Acute disease
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develops rapidly but last only a short time
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Chronic
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develops more slowly and the body's reactions may be less sever
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Subacute disease
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diseases that causative agent reamins inavtive fro a tim then becomes avtive to produce symptoms of the disease
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Local Infection
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one that the invading microorganisms are limited to a small area of body
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Systemic
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generalized infection
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Focal infection
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begins in local area then spreads
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Bacteremia
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presence of bacterial in the blood
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Septisemia
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bacteria multiplies in blood
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Viremia
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presence of viruses in the blood
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Primary infection
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acute infection that causes the initial illness
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Secondary infection
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caused by opportunistic pathogen after primary infection has weakened body's defenses
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Clinical
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seek medical attention
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sub-clinical
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do not cause any noticeable illness
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Incubation period
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interval between initial infection and first appearance of signs or symptoms
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Prodromal Period
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follows the period of incubation
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Period of Illness
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disease is most acute exhibits signs and symptoms
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Period of decline
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signs and symptoms subside
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Period of convalescence
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patient regains strength and the body returns to its pre-diseased state
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