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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Flaps are located on the wings between |
Ailerons and fuselage |
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The rudder is where |
Its at the back |
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Turning the rudder to the right makes it go where |
To the right |
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The body of the plane is called the |
Fuselage |
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Newtons first law says |
An object at rest will remain at rest. An object in motion tends to stay in motion at the same speed and direction until acted on by a greater outside force. |
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As a plane flies forward, the curved upper part of the wing __________ the air pressure directly above it so it moves upwards |
lowers |
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The four forces that act upon an airplane are |
Thrust Drag Weight and Lift |
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Angle of attack is |
The tilt of wings to form an angle |
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As the angle of attack of a wing increases |
the lift increases |
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What is aerodynamic |
It is the affect of the shape of plane as it move through the air (streamlining) |
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Each airplane has ______ rotation axis |
three |
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The lateral axis is the pivot point about which the aircraft _____________ where we would say the ______________ goes up or down |
Pitches Nose |
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Mining __________ is a high volume low margin business |
Iron ore |
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Direct shipping iron ore (mainly hematite) is found on all continents except |
Antarctica |
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_________ and oil have been integralIron to an industrial economy |
Iron |
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Iron ores are _________, _________, ___________, or ____________ |
Magnetite 72.4% iron Hematite 69.9% Geothite 62.9% Limonite or Siderite 48.2% |
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Oxidation is an ________ in oxygen state and reduction is a decrease in ____________ state |
Increase Oxidation |
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Redox reactions include all chemical reactions in which atoms have their oxidation state _______________ |
changed |
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Magnesium added to steel helps to _______________________________________ and ______________________________________ |
reduce brittleness and remove excess oxygen and also increase hardenability |
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Adding chromium to steel increases____________________________ and __________________________________ |
Harden-ability and corrosion resistance |
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Making alloy steel as opposed to carbon steels improves ____________________________ |
Strength, hardness, toughness, wear, resistance, corrosion resistance, harden-ability and hot hardness |
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Common alloyants in steel are |
nickel, chromium, molybdenum, manganese (most common) vanadium, silicon, and boron |
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All steels are alloys (mixture of 2 or more metals or metal and another element) but not all steels are called |
Alloy steels because they have something besides carbon added |
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Plasticity in science refers to ability to deform or change shape in response to _____________________________ |
applied forces such as bending or pounding |
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Malleability is a materials ability to deform under compression or __________ |
hammered of rolled thin |
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Tempering steel usually reduces the hardness and increases the ___________ |
ductility (ability to stretch into wire) |
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Tempering is a ______________ technique applied to ferrous alloys such as steel |
heat treatment |
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Steel is a ____________ alloy |
ferrous |
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___________ is the process of heat treating to increase the toughness of iron based alloys |
tempering |
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Martensitic transformation of steel is quenching and tempering to change it from ________ to austenitic steel (austenite) a change in crystal structures |
ferrite |
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Quenching steel can be done by |
rapid cooling by water oil and gases (air) |
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Quenching is _____________________ |
strengthening and hardening steel |
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O2 F2 Cl2 Br2 are highly ______________________ elements that can gain extra electrons by oxidizing another substance |
electronegative |
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Antoine Lavoisier, the father of chemistry, showed loss in weight from metallic oxides was due to the loss of ___________ as gas upon heating
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Oxygen (the metallic atoms gained electrons in this process) |
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The word reduction origionally referred to the loss in weight upon heating a metallic ore such al a metal oxide to extract the __________ |
metal |
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A simple redox reaction involving carbon and hydrogen produces _____________ by __________ the carbon |
Gains ore oxidized (sodium) reduced (florine) |
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Although oxidation reactions are commonly associated with formation of oxides from oxygen molecules, these are only specific examples of ______________________ |
a more general concept of reactions involving electron transfer |
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The sum of the oxidation numbers of the atoms in a molecule is equal to the _____ of the molecule |
Charge |
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The nonmetals in Group VII A often form compounds in which the oxidation # is_____ |
-1 |
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The elements in group II A form compounds in which the metal atom is in the________ oxidation statr |
+2 |
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The metals in group IA form compounds in which the metal atom is in the _____ oxidation state |
-1 |
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The oxidation number of hydrogen is _______ when combined with a nonmetal and -1 when combined with a _________________ |
+1 metal |
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The oxidation # of metatomic iions is equal to the charge of the ion. The oxidation # of sodium in the Na+ ion is __________. The oxidation # of chlorine Cl- ion is ________. |
+1 Na or sodium -1 Cl or Chlorine |
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The oxidation # of an atom i zero in a neutral stance that contains atoms of only one element such as ________________________ |
O2, O3, P4, S8, and aluminum metal |
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Combustion reactions are _________ that generate heat and electricity. In our bodies redox reactions generate ________ to power our metabolism |
Redox ATP |
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Our bodies use aerobic metabolism using _______ to burn to food (fuel) we need for energy in a _______ reaction |
O2 Redox |
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Cellular respiration is the oxidation of glucose (C6 H12 O6) to __________ and the reduction of oxygen to ______________ |
Co2 water C6 H12 O6+6O2---------> 6CO2 + 6H2O |
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A polymer is a _____________ |
large molecule compossed of many repeated subunits |
