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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are picornaviruses
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Pico-RNA-viruses (very small viruses)
Small, non-enveloped viruses SS + RNA |
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What are the two groups of picornaviruses of major medical importance
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Enteroviruses
Rhinoviruses |
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How are enteroviruses generally transmitted? Rhinoviruses?
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Enteroviruses - oral-fecal
Rhinoviruses - aerosol |
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Describe what a picornavirus genome codes for, generally
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Polyprotein
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Where does a picornavirus replicate? (Hint: same place as all other positive polarity RNA viruses)
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Cytoplasm
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Describe the process of replication for SS + RNA
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Attachment, penetration, RNA uncoating, (translation, polyprotein cleavage), minus strand replication, plus strand replication, virion assembly, release
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Describe manifestations of echoviruses
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Enterovirus
Respiratory infections, meningitis, carditis, paralysis |
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Describe manifestations of Coxsackievirus Type A
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Enterovirus
Meningitis, herpangina, hand-foot-and-mouth disease |
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Describe manifestations of Coxsackievirus Type B
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Enterovirus
Meningitis, myocarditis, maybe diabetes |
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Describe manifestations of Poliovirus
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Enterovirus
Paralytic poliomyelitis |
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Describe the pathogenesis of enteroviruses
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Oral-fecal transmission (except, coxsackie is also respiratory)
Biphasic infection: Primary in oropharynx and small intestine, Secondary in CNS, muscle, liver, skin |
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What are the symptoms of an enterovirus infection
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Majority are asymptomatic
Primary infection: Malaise, fever, nausea, sore throat, "colds", etc Secondary: CNS - encephalitis, meningitis, paralysis; Muscle - carditis, pleurodynia; Skin - rashes (hf&m); Liver - hepatitis |
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Describe clearance of enteroviruses
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Relies on cellular and humoral immunity
Typically gain long-lasting immunity, Ab mediated immunity, strain specific |
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Check questions in syllabus
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Y U NO DO IT ALREADY?!
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Describe Caliciviruses
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Non-enveloped, + RNA, similar to Picornaviruses
3 open reading frames Cytoplasmic, direct RNA to RNA replication |
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What are the major human caliciviruses
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Noroviruses, Sapoviruses
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How are caliciviruses transmitted
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Mainly oral-fecal
Highly infectious, stable virions |
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What are the symptoms of a calcivirus infection
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Vomiting, abdominal cramps starting ~2 days post infection, resolves in ~ 3 days
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