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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Schizophrenia
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Thinking, feeling, perceiving, behaving, and experiencing operate without the normal linkages that make mental life comprehensible and effective.
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What are the marked disturbances found in thought disorders?
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Affect (flat, inappropriate). Behavior (unpredictable, bizarre). Social interactions (isolation)
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When is the onset of schizophrenia?
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Late adolescents (20s)
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What is the etiology of schizophrenia?
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Biologic theories influences, neurochemical and neuroanatomic changes, Psychsocial theories, stress-vulnerability model.
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What are the symptoms of schizophrenia?
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Symptoms must last at least 6 months must include at least 1 month of 2 or more active-phase symptoms such as: bizarre delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, grossly disorganized behavior, and negative behavior.
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Schizophreniform disorder (def.)
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similar symptoms as schizophrenia but has shorter durations; less than 6 months.
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Schizoaffective disorder
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schizophrenia symptoms with mood disorder symptoms
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Delusional disorder
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Pt has delusions that do not impair functioning
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Brief psychotic disorder
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Pt returns to pre-morbidity level. ex: postpartum psychosis.
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Shared psychotic disorder
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2 people in a close relationship hold the same delusions
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Psychotic disorder not otherwise specified
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Pt with psychosis that does not meet criteria of other diagnoses.
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What are the 3 dimensions of psychopathyology in schizophrenia?
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Disorganized (speech, behavior, incongruent affect). Psychotic (delusions and hallucinations). Negative (alogia, affective blunting, avolition, anhedonia and attentional impairment)
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Nihilistic
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Delusion involving death
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What are the types of delusions seen in schizophrenia?
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Persecutory, Guilt, Grandiose, Somatic, Ideas of reference, Thought broadcasting, insertion, and withdrawl and Nihilistic.
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What are the positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
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Hallucinations, Delusions, Bizarre behavior, Illogical thinking, Clanging.
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Clanging (def.)
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Speaking words that rhyme and don't make sense
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Perserervation (def)
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"Stuck in mud" continuous repetition of words or movements
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What are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
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Poverty of speech, Poverty of content, Affective flattening, Blocking, Poor eye contact, Impaired grooming and hygiene, Anhedonia (no longer enjoys pleasure), and Impaired attention span.
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Anhedonia (def)
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No longer enjoys pleasure; often seen in depression
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What are the 5 subtypes of schizophrenia?
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Paranoid, Disorganized, Catatonic, Undifferentiated, and Residual.
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Paranoid
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Pts are preoccupied with delusions of persecution, ideas of reference or frequent auditory hallucinations.
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Disorganized
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Most socially impaired; Pt demonstrates regression, inappropriate and silly behavior; disorganized speech; inappropriate or flat affects
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Catatonic
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Abnormal motor behavior, may be immobile or excessive mobility; waxy flexibility; echolalia, echopraxia
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Undifferntiated
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Behavior/speech indicate schizophrenic psychosis but fail to meet criteria of paranoid, disorganized or catatonic types
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Residual
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Pt does not have positive symptoms but does have negative symptoms
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What are the goals of antipsychotic medications?
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Manage acute positive psychiatric symptoms, Induce remission, Maintain stability, and Prevent relapse.
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Traditional drugs use and side effects?
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"Old Meds" Primary used to tx hallucinations and delusions, Side effects include extrpyramidal and tardive dyskinesia.
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Atypical drugs used?
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"New Meds" Relieve both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia and Less likely to to cause distressing EPSs.
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What are some common traditional drugs used to tx schizophrenia?
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Haldol- most commonly used
Thorazine- 1st drug Prolixin. |
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What are some common atypical drugs used to tx schizophrenia?
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Abilify, Seroquel, Zyprexa, Risperdal, Invega, and Clozaril.
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What are extrapyramidal side effects?
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Dystonic reaction, Akathisia (ants in pants), Pseudoparkinsonianism, Tarditive dyskinesia (can be permanent & disfiguring;facial, tongue & trunk wave-like movements)
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What are the s/s of Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome?
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Rare life-threatening adverse reaction- EMERGENCY. Extreme elevated temperature. Severe EPS (rigidity, dystonia). Autonomic dysfunction (hypertension, tachycardia, diaphoresis). Elevated creatine phosphokinase (CPK)
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What are the overall goals of tx for schizophrenia?
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Safety in all settings. Stabilization on antipsychotic meds. Pt and family education about schizophrenia and its tx. Physical care of pt (they're prone to medical problems). Psychosocial support of pt and family.
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