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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Just law
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is a man-made code that squares with the moral law or the law of God.
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Unjust Law
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is a code that is out of harmony with the moral law.
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what is the difference between a just law and an unjust law?
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c. The difference between an unjust law and a just law is that a power majority group forces or compels a minority group to obey but does not make it binding on itself. The difference made legal.
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what are the two opposing forces that were working in the negro community?
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e. Two opposing forces and how to combat them – Christians and Jews?
i. The white moderate- is an opposing force that prefers a negative peace which is the absence of tension to a positive peace to which is the presence of justice. The way you combat the white moderate is by appealing to their past similar situations of the foundation of Christianity and Judaism. E.g. the Christians being persecuted by Romans and Jews being slave by Egyptians |
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What are the four steps of a non-violent campaign?
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i. Collection of facts
ii. Negotiation iii. Self-purification iv. Direct action |
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Why did King advocate direct action?
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b. King advocated for direct action to create a crisis situation that inevitably open the door to negotiation. Direct action is called on only as a last resort and all line of negotiation has failed. I personally agree that a situation must be created in order to grab people’s attention to the injustice that they are benefiting from or ignoring. I feel that the situations where direct action should not be used are when it creates tension instead of just forcing existing tension to the surface.
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Why is leadership so important for organizations to understand?
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i. Leadership is important for an organization to provide direction and guidance for the firm’s employees, vision, and culture. Leadership is a vital part of an organization because it sets the pace, attitude, and purpose of the firm.
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How does leadership contribute to business performance?
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ii. Leadership correlates directly business performance. If a firm wishes to have longstanding performance and be a major player in their industry they need a strong leader. That leader will help the firm focus on opportunities instead of problems (Drucker) and make it capable of adapting quickly to changes in markets. A leader also needs to be able to keep the firm aligned with its vision and purpose so they don’t over diversify from the vision they set out to accomplish. (drucker)
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Does leadership always lead to strong business results?
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iii. I feel that leadership doesn’t always lead to strong results. Hitler for instance tried to take over the world by being a charismatic effective leader. He failed because he became consumed in his ego and lost sight of his vision. Leadership can be corrupted or distracted by environmental forces. Leadership needs to be focused and attuned constantly. Also leadership needs use different tools to bring strong business results, such as being a sensor. If a leader doesn’t the ability to sense how other are feeling they will not be an effective leader.
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Please define the five sources of power.
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01. Reward Power- Followers believe and act in such a way as to gain valued rewards from the leader.
02. Coercive Power- Follower attempt to avoid punishment controlled by the leader. 03. Expert Power- The leader is perceived as having knowledge or expertise valued by the followers 04. Referent Power- Followers seek to emulate or attain approval by the leader (re: Confucius: “If you lead the people with correctness, who will not date to be correct?”) 05. Legitimate Power- Followers comply with the leader because of the leader’s conferred or positional authority; i.e., the leader has the right to require certain beliefs or actions, and the follower has the duty to comply. |
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What characters utilize these various types of power in the movie, and which types of power do they utilize?
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01. Ralph used legitimate power and expert power. He failed to use any reward power.
• Legitimate power- first to emerge as a leader. First to have the conch, and he stressed the importance of establishing rules for the group • Expert power- Using Piggies glasses to start the fire 02. Jack used coercive, referent power, and reward power. • Coercive power- Pushes Ralph and says “You’ll stop trying to run everything if you know what’s food for you.” • Reward power- Come with me if you want all the meat to eat and have some fun 03. Piggie (could be argued) • Coercive power- “People should be fined for being late to fire watch.” “Everyone shut their god damn mouths, Ralph has the conch!” |
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Which of the five sources of power are most effective?
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• Understand follower motivation and use sources of power appropriately; e.g., not using coercion or punishment where legitimate power is understood and respected.
• Recognize and manage the costs, risks, and benefits of the 5 sources of power, and measure the exercise of each appropriately • Appreciate that knowledge and skill in using all 5 sources of power is desirable and sometimes necessary • Do not use power unethically or to otherwise cause harm. • Understand and accept the use of power as critical to influence leadership. |
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. How are the views of human nature from each of these three authors reinforced by scenes from the movie?
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a. Confucius- “By nature, men are nearly alike; by practice, they get to be wide apart.”
i. This quote explains Confucius’ views of human nature. This can be related to the film because in the beginning the boys are all alike (by nature). As the story continues, they begin to participate in different “practices” and with that they began to separate into groups; “by practice, they get to be wide apart.” b. Confucius- “Riches and honours are what men desire. If it cannot be obtained in the proper way, they should not be held. Poverty and meanness are what men dislike. If it cannot be obtained in the proper way, they should not be avoided.” i. He is the argument of Jack utilizing reward power to gain trust within the boy who chose to follow him. By being able to eat and live a better life, they had more of a desire to follow Jack. Whereas Ralph was being legitimate within his use of power, but following him meant you were going to be hungry and therefore they disliked that. c. Machiavelli- “And it should be considered that nothing is more difficult to handle, more doubtful of success, nor more dangerous to manage, than to put oneself at the head of introducing new orders.” i. There was an obvious struggle with who the leader was within the film. It a task that is not easy to accomplish and that played out through the dramatic course of the film. d. Machiavelli- “It is much safer to be feared than loved.” e. Rousseu- “The strongest is never strong enough to be always the master, unless he transforms strength into right, and obedience into duty.” i. Ralph was seen to be a strong leader with the adsence of reward power. His focus was towards the right motive, but he could not maintain obedience of his followers and therefore could not lead without duties being accomplished. |
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managerial leadership, visionary leadership, and strategic leadership. Please define these three types of leadership.
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• Managerial Leadership
o The type of leadership that managers are trained to practice within most organizations. o In this type of leadership goals are derived from necessities rather than dreams or aspirations. o They are embedded within the culture of the organization. o Managerial Leadership is sensitive to the past. o These leaders are regulators and like to maintain the status quo. • Visionary Leadership o Requires power to influence people’s thoughts and actions. o Visionary Leadership involves being proactive and working toward the future. This involves taking risks in order to succeed. o Visionaries are multifunctional which can lead them to have a good overall picture of the company but know less about each specific area than those who specialize • Strategic Leadership o The ability to influence others to voluntarily make day to day decisions that enhance the long term viability of the organization, while maintaining its short term financial stability. |
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What are the key principles of Hitler’s leadership style? How does this leadership style relate to the various theories of leadership that we have covered this quarter? How does he utilize the various sources of power? Was he an effective leader?
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Charismatic Leader
Powerful speaker-“as he talked conviction would grow until certainty came and the problem was solved”. Very intense person and although his speaking voice was harsh, he conveyed an emotion so effectively he awarded him followers Was known to shout down opponents, not using logic or facts but emotion and conviction “Master of mass emotion” Nuremberg rallies-men marching in perfect order, music of massed bands, forests of standards and flags, smoking torches, dome of searchlights, Hitler would wait till the crowd was frenzied and then would appear to speak. Propaganda Terrorism Gestapo, SS, concentration camps Dictatorship with advantage of technology-radio, loud speaker Made ministry meetings one on ones instead of groups so that he could never be banded against, he followed the technique divide and conquer, never sharing a secret or giving away his next move, never trusted a soul and had no personal connections. "Emotion to him was the raw material of power" The Will to power Carried a hippo hide whip, did it to convey power, force, decision, will. In my opinion Hitler was an effective leader at a point, but in the case study (page 9) they talk about his sense of mission so overcame him he no longer was able to see past his greed and power hungry attitude. “When half of Europe lay at his feet and all need of restraint was removed, Hitler abandoned himself entirely to megalomania. He became convinced of his own infallibility…..failure sprang from the same capacity as success”. He obviously knew what he was doing in the beginning but his need to basically control the world blinded him. A truly good leader would have known when to bail out. "He read and listened, not to learn, but to acquire knowledge and find additional support for predjuices and opinions already formed in his mind" Another good quotefrom crazy "All life is bound up in three theses: Struggle is the father of all things, virtue lies in blood, leadership is primary and decisive." Power he used was legitimate-he was named chancellor coersive-terrifying tactics i think you could argue referent in the beginning because of the way he could invoke the masses to get excited and follow his speeches |
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Cons of Charismatic Leaders
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Charismatic leaders also rely heavily on their personal charm and perceptions, may not always be forthright with the actual facts of a sitution in order to maintain power and buyin
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what are the three subjects that make up executive intelligence?
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Accomplishing Tasks
Working With and Through Others Judging Oneself |
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What are at least four skills that make up each of three subjects in executive intelligence?
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• Accomplishing Tasks
o Define a problem and differentiate essential objectives from less-relevant concerns o Anticipate obstacles and discovering means to get past them o Critically examine the accuracy of underlying assumptions o Articulate the strengths and weaknesses of suggestions and arguments • Working With and Through Others o Recognize the conclusions that can be drawn from an exchange o Recognize underlying agendas and motivations of groups and individuals involved o Anticipate the probable reactions of individuals to actions or communications o Accurately identify core issues and perspectives that are central to a conflict • Judging Oneself o Pursue feedback and make appropriate adjustments o Recognize personal biases and use to improve thinking o Recognize when serious flaws in ideas or actions require swift public acknowledgement o Articulate flaws in other’s arguments and reiterate strengths in own statement |
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8. What are the five characteristics of emotional intelligence discussed in the “What Makes a Leader” article
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• Self-Awareness – The ability to recognize and understand your moods, emotions and drives and their effect on others
• Self-Regulation- Thinking before acting • Motivation- Pursuing goals with energy and enthusiasm • Empathy- The ability to understand the emotional make-up of other people • Social Skill- Managing relationships and building networks |
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executive intelligence
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o This argument states that executive intelligence is where it all starts and the overall goal is to “consistently reach the right answer.” This states that it is nice to be charismatic and motivating, but that these are not as vital as having high business intelligence. Executive intelligence allows one to think critically, which Menkes claims is the “main ingredient” to good leadership.
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emotional intelligence
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o The argument for Emotional intelligence is that it encompasses the intangibles that executive intelligence doesn’t. Executive intelligence will get you in the door, but emotional intelligence will help you lead. The five characteristics of Emotional Intelligence (Self-Regulation, Self-Awareness, Empathy, Motivation, and Social Skills) are skills that will allow you to facilitate the technical skills into business success. They will help you get the most out of your employees, while at the same time earning their respect.
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build a network
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o This goes back to the old saying, “it’s not what you know, it’s who you know. This suggests that the best leaders are those who have surrounded themselves around other good leaders and good businessmen. Doing this will give you allies in all different industries and lines of business and perhaps elsewhere. This will allow a leader to expand business, accomplish more tasks and reach out when in need of help. Also when becoming a leader, networking will help to surround yourself by the right people to get there.
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Universal Leadership
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Leadership styles work any place any time.
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Relativistic Leadership
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Certain leadership styles work best in certain situations
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Specific Examples where a leadership style might need to be adjusted to fit a situation:
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Lord of the flies – Ralph’s task-oriented style is not working and should have been geared a little more toward relationship-oriented
If you are a teacher and you have unruly students it may be in your best interest to exercise an authoritarian or autocratic leadership style. Transformational Leadership would be good to use in a situation where a business has become stagnant and needs a new vision for the future. |
