Mgmt

Front 1

-Tech. Discontinuity: breakthrough in performance
-Discontinuous change: Technological sub. and design competition
-Dominant design: New design becomes the accepted market standard

Back 1

Innovation Streams

Front 2

Experimental approach to innovation- managing innovation during discontinuous change

Back 2

-Highly uncertain environment..
1) Design iterations
2)Testing
3) Milestones
4) Multifuctional teams
5) Powerful leaders

Front 3

cycle of repetition in which a company tests a prototype of a new product or service, improves on that design, and then builds and tests the improved product

Back 3

design iteration

Front 4

compression approach- managing innovation during incremental change

Back 4

approach to innovation that assumes that incremental innovation can be planned using a series of steps that compressing those steps can speed innovation

Front 5

steps to compression approach to innovation

Back 5

?

Front 6

standard ostensible est. to protect the health and safety of citizens but, in reality, often used to restrict or ban imports

Back 6

Govt. import standard

Front 7

Geert Hofstede

Back 7

4 cultural dimensions:
-Power distance
-Individualism
-Uncertainty avoidance
-Masculinity

Front 8

Autonomy

Back 8

gives workers freedom and independence to decide how and when to accomplish jobs

Front 9

centralization of authority

Back 9

the location of most authority at upper levels of an organization

Front 10

Functional departmentalization

Back 10

organizing work and workers into separate units responsible for particular business functions or areas of expertise

Front 11

product departmentaliztion

Back 11

organizing work and workers into separate units respinsible for producing particular products and services

Front 12

customer departmentalization

Back 12

organizing work and workers into separate units responsible for particular kinds of customers

Front 13

geographic departmentalization

Back 13

organizing work and workers into separate units responsible for doing business in particular geographic areas

Front 14

matrix departmentalization

Back 14

a hyrbid organizational structure in which two or more forms of departmentalization, most often product and functinoal, are used together.

Front 15

unity of command

Back 15

mgmt. principle that workers should report to only one boss..violates matrix

Front 16

Line Authority

Back 16

the right to command immediate subordinates in the chain of command

Front 17

Staff Authority

Back 17

the right to advise, but not command, others who are not subordinates in the chain of command.

Front 18

Centralization of Authority

Back 18

The location of most authority at the upper levels of the org.

Front 19

Decentralization

Back 19

the location of a significant amount of authority in the lower levels of the org.

Front 20

Standardization

Back 20

solving problems by consistently applying the same rules, procedures, and processes.