Metr 255 Test 2 Chap 7 Pt3

Front 1

Vertical shear of geostrophic wind can be related to horizontal temp gradient through the________ _____ ___

Back 1

thermal wind eqn

Front 2

Characteristics of a barotropic atmosphere (not likely) are

Back 2

no horizontal temperature gradient, density depends on pressure only, pressure surfaces coincident with density surfaces, horizontal pressure gradient above any location is the same at any height, and thickness between any two pressure levels constant

Front 3

An equivalent barotropic atmosphere has what characteristics?

Back 3

horizontal temperature gradients exist, thickness contours parallel height contours everywhere (constraint), shape of height contours remains the same in vertical, thickness varies in direction normal to height
contours, and temperature anomalies coincide with centers of highs and lows

Front 4

What happens in warm highs/cold lows?

Back 4

pressure gradient increases with height, geostrophic wind speed increases with height

Front 5

In cold highs/warm lows, pressure gradient (in/de)-creases with height, and geostrophic wind speed (in/de)-creases with height

Back 5

decreases, decreases

Front 6

Generally, the atmosphere is baro-_____, which means what?

Back 6

baroclinic: horizontal temperature gradients exist without constraints on shape, geostrophic wind displays both speed and direction
shear, and height and thickness contours intersect

Front 7

Cold air moving towards warm air is called

Back 7

Cold air advection

Front 8

Warm air advection is when

Back 8

warm air moves towards cold air

Front 9

Warm air advection (WAA) occurs when

Back 9

the flow through thickness contours is in the direction opposite Earth's rotation (VEERING)

Front 10

The flow across thickness contours from cold to warm in the direction of Earth's rotation (BACKING) is called

Back 10

Cold air advection (CAA)

Front 11

Cold core lows and warm core highs (strengthen/weaken) with height.

Back 11

strengthen

Front 12

Which two combinations of cold/warm core highs/lows weaken with height?

Back 12

cold core highs and warm core lows

Front 13

With alternating highs and lows at the surface, cold air goes (equatorward/poleward) and warm air goes (poleward/equatorward)

Back 13

poleward, equatorward

Front 14

With alternating H and L, highs do what? Lows?

Back 14

Highs open up on warm side to form ridges aloft, lows open up on cold side to form troughs aloft

Front 15

What two components are convergence and divergence made up of?

Back 15

directional and speed

Front 16

Cold core lows and warm core highs (strengthen/weaken) with height.

Back 16

strengthen

Front 17

Which two combinations of cold/warm core highs/lows weaken with height?

Back 17

cold core highs and warm core lows

Front 18

With alternating highs and lows at the surface, cold air goes (equatorward/poleward) and warm air goes (poleward/equatorward)

Back 18

poleward, equatorward

Front 19

With alternating H and L, highs do what? Lows?

Back 19

Highs open up on warm side to form ridges aloft, lows open up on cold side to form troughs aloft

Front 20

What two components are convergence and divergence made up of?

Back 20

directional and speed