Meteorology Chapter 7

Front 1

(0°-30°) Warm air rises at the equator. It cools and sinks as it flows poleward.

Back 1

Hadley cell

Front 2

(30°-60°)

Back 2

Ferrel cell

Front 3

(60°-90°)

Back 3

Polar cell

Front 4

Pressure zone (0°) Low Pressure. Converging air. Location of most of earth's rain forests.

Back 4

Equatorial low pressure zone (ITCZ)

Front 5

Pressure zone (30°) Subsiding, stable, dry air & weak winds.

Back 5

Subtropical High Pressure Zone

Front 6

Pressure zone (60°) Warm and cool winds converge and collide.

Back 6

Subpolar Low Pressure Zone

Front 7

Pressure zone (90°) Cold, subsiding air

Back 7

Polar high pressure zone

Front 8

(0°)Trade winds meet at the equator in a region with a weak pressure gradient, called ______.

Back 8

The Doldrums

Front 9

(30°) Area containing most of earth's great deserts is know as the _______

Back 9

Horse Latitudes

Front 10

(60°) An area of storms

Back 10

Polar Front

Front 11

The wind belt at (60°N-90°N) flows from the ____ and is know as_______.

Back 11

The wind belt at (60°N-90°N) flows from the NE and is know as the Polar Easterlies.

Front 12

The wind belt at (30°N-60°N) flows from the ____ and is know as_______.

Back 12

The wind belt at (30°N-60°N) flows from the SW and is know as the Westerlies.

Front 13

The wind belt at (0°-30°N) flows from the ____ and is know as_______.

Back 13

The wind belt at (0°N-30°N) flows from the NE and is know as the NE Tradewinds.

Front 14

The wind belt at (0°-30°S) flows from the ____ and is know as_______.

Back 14

The wind belt at (0°-30°S) flows from the SE and is know as the SE Tradewinds.

Front 15

The wind belt at (30°S-60°S) flows from the ____ and is know as_______.

Back 15

The wind belt at (30°S-60°S) flows from the NW and is know as the westerlies.

Front 16

The wind belt at (60°S-90°S) flows from the ____ and is know as_______.

Back 16

The wind belt at (60°S-90°S) flows from the SE and is know as the Polar Easterlies.

Front 17

circulation is small and chaotic. lasts from seconds to minutes. can be simple gusts or dust devils.

Back 17

microscale winds

Front 18

lasts from minutes to hours. usually less than 100km across. thunderstorms and tornadoes.

Back 18

mesoscale winds

Front 19

the largest wind patterns

Back 19

macroscale winds

Front 20

patterns can remain unchanged for weeks at a time. prevailing winds, jet streams, etc...

Back 20

Planetary-scale winds

Front 21

smaller macroscale circulation. cyclones, anticyclones, tropical storms, and hurricanes.

Back 21

Synoptic scale winds

Front 22

occur in the day when the land is warmer than the water and flow from the sea

Back 22

sea breezes

Front 23

occur at night when the land is cooler than the water and flow from the land

Back 23

land breezes

Front 24

occur in the day when the mountains heat & flow from the valley upward

Back 24

valley breezes

Front 25

occur at night when the mountains cool & flow from the mountains downward.

Back 25

mountain breezes

Front 26

warm, dry winds that move down slopes of mountains. "snow-eater"

Back 26

chinook winds

Front 27

hot, dry air flows from AZ deserts and gains speed in valleys as it blows to CA. associated with indian summers and wildfires.

Back 27

Santa Ana winds

Front 28

originate when cold, dense air begins to move and falls like a waterfall. from glaciers and mountains.

Back 28

Katabatic winds

Front 29

the result of uneven heating of urban and county areas. hot air in city rises and creates low pressure. causes pile up pollutants in cites.

Back 29

country breezes

Front 30

refers to a seasonal reversal of winds.

Summer: land is heated=low pressure and ample precipitation.

Winter: land is cooled=high pressure and little precipitation.

Back 30

Monsoons

Front 31

the longest wave patterns

Back 31

rossby waves

Front 32

most prevalent jet stream. occurs along the polar front. often called mid-latitude jet.

Back 32

polar jet stream

Front 33

jet stream located at about 25 degrees N and S. mainly a wintertime phenomenon. can sweep north and bring precipitation to florida in the winter

Back 33

subtropical jet stream

Front 34

What mechanisms does Earth use to redistribute heat?

Back 34

1. Ocean currents

circulation cells, prevailing winds, hurricanes(tropical cyclones), mid-latitude cyclones, jet streams, rossby waves.

Front 35

what drives surface ocean circulation and how does it impact climate.

Back 35

driven by prevailing winds. account for 1/4 of Earth's heat transfer from equator to poles. cold current=dry climate. warm current=warm, moist climate.

Front 36

circular patterns of ocean currents. causes cold currents along west coast of continents and warm currents along east coast.

Back 36

gyres

Front 37

gradual warming of ocean in winter. changes direction of tradewinds. disrupts upwelling. causes low pressure and ample precipitation in the east.

Back 37

El Nino

Front 38

colder than normal ocean temperatures. high tradewinds and ample upwelling

Back 38

La Nina

Front 39

wind-induced rising of cold water from deeper layers. brings ample nutrients to upper water.

Back 39

upwelling

Front 40

global distribution of precipitation in high pressure regions

Back 40

subsiding air, divergent winds, dry conditions, like sahara and polar deserts

Front 41

global distribution of precipitation in low pressure regions

Back 41

Ascending air, converging winds, ample precipitation, like amazon and congo basins

Front 42

precipitation and land masses

Back 42

large landmasses in the middle latitudes often have less precipitation toward their centers

Front 43

precipitation and mountains

Back 43

windward slopes receive abundant rainfall from orographic lifting. leeward slopes are usually deficient in moisture.

Front 44

the seesaw patter of atmospheric pressure between the eastern and western pacific

Back 44

southern oscillation