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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
estimation of conditions at locale or time based on surrounding weather
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interpolation
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creation of electrical charge in object by proximity of another previously charged object
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induction
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global-scale, thermal circulation feature of trade winds carrying air from subtropical high pressure belt to ITCZ
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Hadley cell
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stability measure indicating probability of convective activity like storms at locale
or difference in temperature of lifted air parcel and environment at 500 mb level |
lifted index
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fluid flow that is smooth and nonturbulent, progressing in parallel lines or sheets
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laminar flow
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smallest scale of atmospheric phenomena
-features of molecular size -lifespan fraction of a second |
molecular scale
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synoptic or global scale oceanic circulation cell, associated with High pressure cell
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gyre
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positive electrical current in lightning, ground to cloud carrying main flow of electricity along the stepped leader's channel
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return stroke
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tropical cyclone
-winds= 20-34 knots or 23-39 mph |
tropical depression
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rise of sea surface along path of storm by circulating winds and low pressure at center of storm
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storm surge
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warning of unusual or potentially harmful weather
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special weather statement
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largest of atmospheric phenomena
-1000 km -weeks |
global scale
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turbulence caused by obstruction of wind flow by buildings, trees, mountains, and so forth
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mechanical turbulence
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"ordinary" - forms individually from local heating and not by fronts or orography
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airmass thunderstorm
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1st phase of lightning, flood of electrons travel earthward in a series of segments
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stepped leader
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violently rotating column of air that extends from the base of a severe thunderstorm
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tornado
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dark, slowly rotating cloud extending below the mesocyclone circulation in a potentially tornado-producing thunderstorm
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wall cloud
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visible vortex of rapidly circulating air extending downward from a severe thunderstorm
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funnel cloud
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any member of hurricane family whatever its location or strength
-hurricane -tropical storm -typhoon |
tropical cyclone
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a tropical cyclone of hurricane intensity in Western Pacific
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typhoon
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ring of towering thunderstorm clouds at eye of hurricane
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eye wall
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severe tropical cyclone
-500 km (300 mi) diameter -64 knots (74 mph) winds over warm ocean in maritime tropical air |
hurricane
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tornado occuring over water, more common and less intense than land tornado
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waterspout
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electrical discharge within a cloud, cloud to ground, cloud to cloud, flash is stepped leader and series of return strokes
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lightning
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3-7 day forecast
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extended forecast
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48 hour forecast
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short-term forecast
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2-3 hour forecast
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now cast
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study of long-term weather patterns in a region
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climatology
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conditions plugged into equations of atmospheric motion or wave forms to get forecast
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numerical forecasting
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forecasting technique based on fiction that upper level wind flow "steers" surface patterns
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steering
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forecasting strategy supposing that weather will remain unchanged
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persistence forecasting
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changes in weather over a 24 hour period
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diurnal cycles
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turbulence caused by obstruction of air flow by conductive air motions
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thermal turbulence
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output from several computer models blended to produce a single forecast
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consensus forecast
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fluid flow with complex patterns that change rapidly over time
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turbulence
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ITCZ, or light, variable winds within ITCZ
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doldrums
intertropical convergence zone |
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convergent, rotating convection currents; hot air rises, air below swirls to replace it
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dust devil
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microscale turbulence at high altitudes without clouds
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clear air turbulence (CAT)
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synoptic scale, westward moving, wave shaped disturbance embedded in a tropical trade wind
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Easterly wave
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seasonal, thermal circulation caused by temperature contrasts from ocean to continent
winds inland in summer, off land in winter |
monsoon
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global-scale band of NE or SE winds in low latitudes of 5-30 degrees
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trade winds
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forecasting strategy supposing fronts, etc will persist and move predictably as in the past
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trend forecasting
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electric spark or flow of electrically charged particles between oppositely charge objects
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electric discharge
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