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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ametabola |
very little change from what pops out of an egg to reproductive adult (typical of primitive orders) |
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Hemimetabola (gradual or incomplete metamorphosis) |
immature stages are similar to the adult with wings (if any) developing externally with immature stages. no pupal stage preceding the last molt |
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Holometabola (complete metamorphosis) |
immature stages quite different from the adult. wings (if any) do not develop during larval stage. there is a pupal stage preceding the last molt |
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Metamorphosis definition |
means "change" - refers to the way certain organisms develop, grow, and change form |
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What orders is incomplete metamorphosis common in? |
-Orthoptera (grasshoppers) -Odonata (dragonflies) -Homoptera -Hemiptera |
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What is a nymph? |
-eggs hatch into nymphs -look like small adults but no wings -shed or molt exoskeleton and replace with larger as they grow -molt 4 to 8 times usually |
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What orders is complete metamorphosis common in? |
-Coleoptera -Lepidoptera -Diptera -Hymenoptera |
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4 stages of complete metamorphosis |
-egg -larva -pupa -adult |
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Describe pupa |
-larva make cocoons/chrysalis/puparium around themselves -don's eat while in cocoon -bodies develop into adult shape with wings, legs, internal organs, etc. -anywhere from 4 days to many months |
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order, legs |
Lepidoptera, 3 pairs thoracic legs, 2,3 or 5 pairs of abdominal prolegs |
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order, legs |
Coleoptera, no legs or 3 pairs of thoracic legs |
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order, legs |
no legs or may have 6 or more pairs of abdominal prolegs |
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4 layers of exoskeletons of insects |
waxy surface layers -epicuticle -exocuticle -endocuticle -epidermis cuticle made of chitin |
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Sclerotisation |
hardening process of exoskeleton cuticle becomes harder and darker with age and exposure to light |
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Advantages of exoskeleton |
support and rigidity of muscle movements, protection from environment, color protection (camouflage) |
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Disadvantages of exoskeleton |
makes growth impossible |
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How many times do the mayflies (Ephemoptera) molt? |
up to 40 to 45 times |
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Why would the eggs of Orgyia psuedotsugata be laid on top of the cocoon? |
female is flightless, so the male comes to her laying by the cocoon cocoon is protected by the spines of the tree, it is safe |
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What important feature helps with identifying Dendroctonus rufipennis? |
two darkened (sclerotized) spots on the cuticle of the anal shields |
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How many abdominal prolegs do all members of the family Geometridae have? |
two pairs of abdominal prolegs |
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What are the hooks at the end of the abdominal prolegs called (if there are any)? |
crochets |
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What structures are present on the body of Tenebtio (coleoptera) pupa that are not on the larvae? |
-segmented body -developing wings -body parts recognizable |
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Why do the members of homoptera and hemiptera not have a pupal stage? |
because they go through incomplete metamorphosis ( continually molt until they become adults) |
