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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Types of Sedimentary Rocks
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Clastic, chemical, organic
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Clastic Rocks
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GRAVEL - breccia, conglomerate - SAND - sandstone, SILT - siltstone, CLAY - Claystone
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3 types of Chemical Sedimentary Rock
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CARBONTES -limestone, CHERT, EVAPORITES - gypsum, halite
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Organic Sedimentary Rocks
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Coal
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Types of Coal
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Peat, Lignite, Sub bituinous, Bituminous
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Sedimentary Structures
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Bedding, Crossbedding, Graded Bedding, Mudcracks, Ripple Marks, Fossils
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Formation
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Thick body of rock that is distinctive from surrounding rock units
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Where Sedimentary rocks formed
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Clastical - terrestial, Carbonates - in ocean or close to it
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Changes during Metamorphism
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Recrystallization, Neomorphism, Metasomatism
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Recrystallization
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Minerals grow into larger crystals of the mineral - limestone to marble
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Neomorphism
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minerals recrystalize into new minerals composed of the same element - mud to garnet
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Metasomatism
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Elements are added and taken away- resulting in a chemically different compostion & new minerals
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Characteristics of Metamorphic rocks controlled by
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Composition of Parent rock-protolith; temp & pressure conditions; fluids h2o, co2;Time
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Pressure on the rock
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Lithostatic pressure - 1 kbar - like water pressure on diver, Differential pressure
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2 types of Differential Pressure
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Compressive stress - flattens out perpendicular to stress; Shearing - flattens out parallel to stress
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Types of Metamorphism
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Contact - occurs next to igneous pluton - bakezone; Regional metamorphism - really deep - under mountain ranges
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Metamorphic Textures
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Foliation - parallel alignment of platy mineral grains, Non Foliated - minerals do not line up in layers
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Metamorphic Grade
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Degree to which rocks have been metamorphised- how much temp & pressure put on it
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Metamorphic Facies
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all metamorphic rocks that formed under the same temp & pressure conditions
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Index minerals for Metamorphic Rock
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chlorite, biotite, garnet, staurolite
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