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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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alanine synthesis
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from glutamate and pyruvate with the use of alanine transaminase
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cysteine synthesis
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from methionine and serine
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tyrosine synthesis
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hydroxylation from phenylalanine.
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oxaloacetate can make
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aspartate, asparagine
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a-ketoglutarate can make
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Glutamic acid, glutamin, proline, arginine
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pyruvate can make
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alanine
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3-phosphoglycerate can make
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serine, cysteine, glycine
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phenylalanine can make
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tyrosine
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how many different multienzyme sequences exist for catabolism of AAs.
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20
all with 3 main steps: removal of NH2 group detoxification of amino group metabolism of carbon skeleton |
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what do the 20 different enzymes convert the AA's to?
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7 compounds
pyruvate acetyl coa acetoacetyl coa a ketoglutarate succinyl coa fumarat oxaloacetate |
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what is a major transport of ammonia?
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glutamine
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where is the urea cycle held?
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liver mitochondria and cytosol
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does the urea cycle acidify the body?
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yes it uses HCO3-
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does the urea cycle need energy?
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yes 3 ATP's to make/break 4 energy rich bonds
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is the urea cycle connected with the citrate cycle
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yes, through fumarate
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regulation of urea cycle
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carbamoyl phosphate
n acetylglutamate synthetase |
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regulation of carbamoyl phosphate
(mitochondria) |
activation: n-acetylglutamate
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n-acetyleglutamate
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activation: arginine
in general urea synthesis is inhibited by HCO3- |
