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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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acetyl COA
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A coenzyme derivative in the metabolism of glucose and fatty
acids that contributes substrates to the Krebs cycle |
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adenosine Diphosphate
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A molecule used to form adenosine triphosphate
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Adenosine Triphosphatase
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the enzyme that catalyzes the breaking down of ATP to ADP + Pi
+ energy |
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Adenosine Triphosphate
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A molecule that temporarily holds energy in its high energy phosphate bonds and releases it to power cellular processes
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Aerobic Metabolism AKA aerobic
respiration or oxidative metabolism |
the part of the cellular repspiration that requires oxygen.
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aerobic glycolysis AKA slow
glycolysis |
the glycolytic process that results in no lactate formation, but
instead results in acetyl CoA |
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anaerobic glycolysis AKA fast
glycolysis |
the glycolytic process that results in lactate formation
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Anaerobic Metabolism AKA
anaerobic respiration or nonoxidative metabolism |
the portion of cellular respiration that does not require oxygen
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beta oxidation
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breakdown for fatty acids to form acetyl CoA
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carbohydrate
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an organic compound composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen with a 2:1 ratio of hydrogen atoms to oxygen atoms
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Creatine kinase / creatine
phosphokinase |
the enzyme that catalyzes the breaking down of PCr to creatine +
phosphate + energy |
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Creatine Phosphate/ phosphocreatine (PCr, CrP)
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A compound in muscle tissue that temporarily holds additional energy for forming ATP
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electron transport chain
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a series of chemical reactions in which electrons are used to form
ATP and oxygen is the final electron receptor making water |
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fatty acid
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a fat molecule that is used in metabolism
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Glucose
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The monosaccharide that is the primary energy source for cells
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glycerol
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An organic compound that is the backbone of triglyceride and phospholipid molecules
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Glycolysis
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a series of chemical reactions in which a glucose molecule is
converted into 2 pyruvate molecules, using 2 ATP and making 4 ATP in the process |
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hydrogen ion (H+)
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a single proton
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Krebs cycle AKA tricarboxylic acid
cycle (TCA cycle) |
a series of chemical reactions in which a molecule of acetyl CoA
is used to form 1 ATP molecule and several hydrogen ion carrying molecules which are then shuttled to the electron transport chain |
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lactate / lactic acid
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an organic by-product formed from pyruvic acid during anaerobic cellular respiration
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lipase
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The enzyme that catalyzes the digestion of lipids
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mitochondria / mitochondrion
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a cellular organelle that is the site of aerobic cellular respiration
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NADH
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a coenzyme that incorporates niacin and shuttles hydrogen ions to the
electron transport chain or into the formation of lactate |
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pH
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a measure of the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution
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phosphagen system
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the metabolic pathways using stored ATP and also creatine
phosphate to provide energy to the body |
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protease
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an enzyme that degrades proteins into amino acids
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protein
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a complex, nitrogen-containing organic compound whose molecules consist of many amino acids
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pyruvate / pyruvic acid
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an organic molecule formed by the breakdown of glucose in the anaerobic phase of cellular respiration
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triglyceride
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a lipid molecule composed of three fatty acids attached to clycerol; a fat molecule.
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