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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Def. Metabolism
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All chemical reactions that occur within our body cells
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Metabolism depends upon the:...
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1. Digestive system (for nutrients)
2. Respiratory system (for oxygen) 3. Cardiovascular system (to distribute) 4. Endocrine system (for hormones to regulate) |
4 systems (D.R.C.E.)
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Def. Catabolic
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Breakdown or decomposition
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Release energy (exergonic)
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Def. Anabolic
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Building or synthesis reactions
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Require energy (endergonic)- from exergonic reactions
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When energy is added it becomes trapped in the...
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covalent chemical bonds of the products
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Cellular respiration uses glucose and oxygen to produce..
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ATP, H2O, and CO2
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Insulin (stored in vesicles) is released from beta cells of the pancreas when..
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Glucose is high in the bloodstream
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Anaerobic Respiration
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Does not require oxygen
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Occurs in cytoplasm
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Aerobic Respiration
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Requires oxygen
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Occurs in the mitochondria
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Glycolysis occurs, produces, and uses..
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Occurs in the cytoplasm, produces 2 pyruvic acids, 2 NADH, and 4 ATP, uses 2 ATP.
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Job of NAD:
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Pick up electrons when other molecules are oxidized (H's removed)
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If there is insufficient oxygen, then pyruvic acid is converted into..
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Lactic acid
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Ability for body to keep going during times of low oxygen or for burst of muscle activity.
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Steps of Aerobic respiration:
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1. Pyruvate enters mitochondrion and converted to Acetyl CoA
2. Acetyl CoA enters Krebs cycle (citric acid first molecule made) 3. Produces 2 CO2, 8 electron shuttle molecules (2 FADH2, 6 NADH), and 2 ATP per glucose 4. Electrons shuttled to electron transport chain for Oxidative phosphorylation 5. End: H2O produced (uses O2) and lots of ATP |
5 Steps
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Citric Acid Cycle Notes
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-Occurs in matrix of mitochondrion
-C's liberated as CO2 -Hydrogen atoms delivered shuttle molecules -Net 2 ATP |
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Oxidative Phosphorylation Notes
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-Involves H+ pumps in the inner membrane of the mitochondria
-First pump accepts electrons (as they move they release energy), H+ pumped into intermembrane space -Creates a H+ gradient across the membrane -Energy stored in proton gradient drives formation of ATP -H+ moving down their gradient through enzyme ATP synthase |
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ATP Synthase rotates and energy is used to:
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Attach P to ADP=ATP
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