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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Functional Foods
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- Consumed as part of normal diet but has physiological benefits and/or reduces risk of chronic disease
- It is not regulated by the FDA - Ex. addition of folate (fortification) |
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Nutraceuticals
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- Designer food
- produced from food but designed to have physiological benefit or provide protection from disease - Hazardous b/c easy to overdoes on Vitamins/minerals (Fe, Zn, Vit A) - Ex. Dilbert foods |
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Herbs
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- Considered drugs that have an active ingredient which is a plant and/or vegetable drug preparation
- Not regulated by FDA |
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Why is the use of herbal medicines increasing?
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- Health care costs are increasing and herbal medications are considerably cheaper
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What are some problems with the use of herbal medications?
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- Not under FDA regulation, so unsure what it precisely contains
- May interact with other drugs |
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Garlic
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- Used: lower lipids, prevent vascular changes, help diabetes, antithrombic, anticancer
- Side effects: GI problems, hypoglycemia, prolonged bleeding |
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Echinacea
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- Used: cold/chronic infection therapy, treats onset of cold
- Side effects: poorly healing wounds/chronic ulcerations, fever, nausea, vomiting, allergic reaction, could impact outer membrane of sperm and thus fertility |
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St. John's Wort
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- Used: Antidepressant, antiviral
- Side Effects: GI problems, fatigue, skin reactions, restless, induces p450, sensitivity to light - Drug Interactions: alters drug metabolism, especially heart/HIV drugs |
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Ginkgo Biloba
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- Used: memory support, prevent dementia, acute mountain sickness
- Side effects: skin reaction, headache, upset stomach |
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Valerian
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- Used: minor tranquilizer
- Side Effects: inhibits p450 - Interactions: Increases drugs levels of many types of drugs (Allegra) |
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Black Cohosh
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- Used: Alleviate Menopausal symptoms, bug repellent
- Side effects: don't use for more than 6 months |
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Sources for Healthcare Professionals on Herbs
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- German Commission E Monographs
- FDA - National Center for Complete and Alternative Medicine - Herbal Medicine |
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Benecol, case study
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- Plant stantol ester
- presented as a food that lowers LDL - put on 'grass list' to bypass FDA regulations |
