Metabolism

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Metabolism`

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Sum of all chemical reactions within a living organism.

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Catabolism

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chemical reactions that result in the breakdown of more complex organic molecules into simpler subtances. Catabolic reactions usually release energy.
The energy of catabolic reactions is used to drive anabolic reactions.

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Anabolism

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chemical reactions in which simpler substances are combined to form more complex molecules. anabolic reactions usually require energy.
the energy of chemical reactions is stored in ATP.

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Enzymes- Mediators of all reactions

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enzymes are proteins, produced by living cells, that catalyze chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy.

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shape of aenzymes

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enzymes are generally globular proteins with characteristic three dimensinal shapes.

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function of enzymes

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catalyzes biochemical reactions in a living organism, usually a protein.

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Factors that influence enzyme activity

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temperature, ph, substrate concentration and the presence or absence of inhibitors.

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termperature

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at high temperature, enzymes undergo denaturation and lose their catalytic properties, a low temps. the reaction rate decreases.

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Ph

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the ph at which enzymatic activity is maximal is known as the optimum pH.

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Substrate Concentration

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Within limits, enzymatic activity incrases assubstrate concentration increases.

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Inhibitors

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Competitive inhibitors compete with the normal substrate for the active site of the enzyme. Noncompetitive inhibitors act on other parts of the apoenzyme or on the cofactor and decrease the enzymeOs abilityh to combine with the normal substrate.

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Photosynthetic

VS

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Photosynthesis is the conversion of light energy from the sun into chemical energy; the chemical energy is used for carbon fixation

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Chemosynthetic

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chemoautotrophs use inorganic compounds as their energy source and carbon dioxide as their carbon source.
Chemoheterotrophs use complex organic molecules as teir carbon and energy sources.