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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How may amino acids be used in the body?
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Fuel
Protein - growth and replacement Storage - converted to fat/glycogen Gluconeogenesis substrate |
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How may amino acids be converted to ketoacids?
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Aminotransfer - allows for production of specific amino acids or use of ketoacid as a metabolic intermediate
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What kind of molecule is this?
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Ketoacid
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How are fatty acids stored?
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As triglycerides (TAGs)
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How do fatty acids feed into the citric acid cycle?
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2 carbons are taken off to form acetate -> acetyl coA + 2 reduced coenzymes
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What are the advantages/disadvantages of fatty acids?
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Advantages - 2x fuel as for CHO, light not bulky
Disadvantages - insoluble, CANNOT BE CONVERTED INTO GLUCOSE |
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What can fatty acids be converted into?
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Ketone bodies NOT glucose
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What is an advantage of ketone bodies as opposed to fatty acids?
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They are water-soluble
Can be used as fuel molecule in CNS but can't totally replace glucose |
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What can a high level of ketones in the blood lead to?
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Acidosis - low pH
urine has pear drop or acetone smell |
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omg i want some pear drops
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and those fizzy pink and green/blue bottles
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Does catabolism/anabolism happen most during the absorptive phase?
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Anabolism
Postabsorptive - catabolism But both happen continuously |
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Is the GI tract involved in the absorptive or postabsorptive phase?
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Absorptive phase
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What is the metabolic rate?
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Amount of energy turnover (J) in the body per unit time
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When else is anabolis high?
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Growth, lactation
(absorptive phase) |
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When is the metabolic rate at its lowest (basal metabolic rate)?
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Post-absorptive phase - in thermoneutral zone at rest
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What can affect the metabolic rate?
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Exercise
Ambient temperature Reproductive stage Lactation |
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Do smaller animals have a higher or lower metabolic rate?
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Higher
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What is the relationship between metabolic rate and bodymass?
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MR = a X bm^0.75
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What is direct and indirect calorimetry of metabolic rate?
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Direct - heat produced
Indirect - O2 used, CO2 produced |
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Why is indirect calorimetry less accurate?
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Balance of measured gases will vary with the composition of the diet
more fat = more oxygen consumed, less oxygen within molecule |
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What is the respiratory quotient?
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rate of CO2 production
rate of o2 consumption usually 0.8ish |
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Positive energy balance =
Negative energy balance = |
Weight gain
Weight loss |
