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56 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers boundaries of?
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Mesopotamia
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The economy of the Sumerian city-states was based on what?
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Trading and Farming
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What was the political structure of Sumer?
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Constant war for control of land and water...?
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What did the Sumerians build for their gods/goddesses?
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Ziggurats
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Sumerian Religion
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Polytheistic, belief in afterlife (we know this because of the Epic of Gilgamesh. They believe afterlife will be unhappy.
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How did the Sumerians see their gods/goddesses?
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Like ordinary people. The gods were thought to control every aspect of ones life.
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Sumerian city-states had to rely on what building material?
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timber, stone, bricks of clay.
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What are the intellectual and technological improvements of the Sumerians?
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Invented cuneiform, scholars made large mathematical advances in geometry and algebra. They based their number system off 6 as we still do today.
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What new technology did the Hittites bring to Mesopotamia?
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Extracting iron from ore.
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What was the Assyrian society like?
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Rough, almost always at war.
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Describe the Assyrian army.
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Most feared army in the world for 500 years. The largest standing army with 20000 people in it. They used new weapons, they had a spy networking system, they used prisoners to fight, and they destroyed everything in site.
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How did the Assyrians encourage a love of learning?
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They collected cuneiform tablets to create the first library.
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Under which ruler did astronomy flourish and the hanging gardens built?
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Nebuchanezzar
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What was the significance of the Code of Hummurabi?
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The first set of written laws.
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Under whose rule and captivity did the Israelites become known as jews?
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Nebuchhanezzar, and the Babylonian Captivity
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Why was the Persian king, Cyrus, known as "The Great"?
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he freed the jews from captivity.
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What were Darius' contributions?
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He organized a government that became a model for later rulers. He divided the Persian empire into provinces, each headed by a governor.
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What did the Phoenician traders develop to help them do business?
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They set up colonies. They used boats to sail across the water, they had a form of writing, they invented purple dye and glass. They invented the alphabet, and they had books.
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What was the nickname for the Phoenicians?
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"The Carriers of Civilization"
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Describe religion in Mesopotamia.
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They were polytheistic, built ziggurats, and sacrificed gods. They believed their ruler was the chief servant of the gods.
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Jewish religious beliefs:
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One true god who was thought to be a normal human. They follow the Torah and the Ten Commandments.
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What remains of the Solomon's great temple?
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The western wall.
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What was the covenant that god made with Abraham?
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It said that the jews were the chosen people.
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What was the result of foreign conquest over the Israelites?
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prosecution, spread of monotheism.
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That was the Diaspora?
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scattering of people.
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Monotheistic
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believing in one true god.
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Cuneiform
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earliest known form of writing.
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Barter Economy
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exchanging one set of goods and services for another.
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Money Economy
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system by which goods and services are payed for through the exchange of a token of a greed value.
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Who was Solomon?
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Davids son, turned jerusalem into an impressive capital, temple dedicated to god, wise and understanding.
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Who was Abraham?
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He founded the Israelite Nation.
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Who was Moses?
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Commandments were given from god through Moses.
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Who was David?
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Strong, shrewd King. United the feuding Israelite tribes into single nation. King of Israel.
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Who was Sargon?
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Ruler of Akkad. Built the first empire known to history. 2300 BC.
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Who was Hammurabi?
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King of Babylon. Invented the Code of Hammurabi. The lawgiver! 1790 BC. Brought much of Mesopotamia under his control. Artisans carved the 300 laws on stone pillar.
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Who was Cyrus the Great?
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He freed the Jews, conquered Babylon.
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Who was Assurbanipal?
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God of Assyria. Led Assyrians, the most feared soldiers.
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Who was Nebuchadnezzar?
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King of Babylon after Hammurabi. Rebuilt much of Babylon.
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Where did Abraham live?
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Near Ur in mesopotamia. He and his family migrated to Canaan.
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What did Solomons ambitions and projects require?
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High taxes and so much forced labor.
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When Solomon died what happened due to the forced labor?
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Revolts erupted.
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How was Israel split?
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Judah in the S, Israel in the N.
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Who defeated Israel?
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Assyrians.
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Who defeated Judah?
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Babylonian Armies
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What was society like in Israel?
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Patriarchal
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What was the ten commandments? What did it consist of?
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The Ten Commandments was a set of laws that jews believe god gave to them through Moses. The first 5 commandments deal with religious duties. The last 5 deal with rules of conduct towards people.
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How did jews see their gods?
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As human and bound to obey Gods Laws.
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Describe the scrolls in the caves.
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Jewish community left them 2000 years ago. They were written in Hebrew, Aramic, and Greek, it consisted of many parts of the torah, 800 manuscripts provide historical events- jewish beliefs and philosophy from the time of jesus.
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What did hammurabi's code consist of?
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Criminal Law- "eye to eye. life for life."
Civil Law- legal rights. |
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Hittites were less advanced ....
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because of lack of natural resources, but they learned to extract iron from ore.
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The Hittites iron was known as the
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IRON AGE
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Darius
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Part of the Persian Empire, 522 BC-486 BC. Divided Persia into provinces, worlds 1st postal system
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What brought riches to the sumerians?
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trade
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Who made the first wheeled vehicles?
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Sumerians
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Hiearchy in Sumer
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1- ruling family, leading officials, high priests. 2-Priests and scribes, merchants and artisans, weavers and basket makers. 3- Pheasant farmers, Slaves.
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What was the Epic of Gilgamesh?
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The book that talked about the gloomy afterlife of Sumerians.
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