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106 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cluster A personality traits
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odd, eccentric
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Cluster B personality traits
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impulsive, unstable
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Cluster C personality traits
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anxious, fearful
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Cluster A disorders
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paranoid
schizoid schizotypal |
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-cluster A (Odd or eccentric)
-example hermit |
Schizoid Personality Disorder
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Cluster B disorders
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antisocial
borderline histrionic narcissistic |
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Name the Cluster A Personality Disorders and state their commonalities
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- Paranoid Personality
- Schizoid Personality - Schizotypal Personality These individuals often appear odd and eccentric |
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Name the cluster:
Patients seem odd, eccentric, withdrawn Familial association with psychotic disorders Defence mechanisms - intellectualisation, projection, magical thinking |
Cluster A ('Mad')
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-cluster B “dramatic, emotional erratic
-most stigmatized disorder |
Borderline Personality Disorder
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Name the cluster:
Patients seem dramatic, emotional, inconsistent Familial association with mood disorders Defence mechanisms - denial, acting out, regression, splitting, idealization |
Cluster B ('Bad')
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Name the cluster:
Patients seem anxious, fearful Familial association with anxiety disorders Defence mechanisms - isolation, avoidance, hypochondriasis |
Cluster C ('Sad')
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3 clusters of personality disorders and which ones are found in each cluster
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A - paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal
B - antisocial, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic C - avoidant, dependent, OCD |
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Narcissistic Personality Disorder is cluster (?)
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-cluster B personality (dramatic, emotional, or erratic)
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Histrionic Personality Disorder
-what cluster (?) |
-cluster B “dramatic, emotional, or erratic”
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vast majority of pts w/ borderline report...
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childhood sexual, physical, or emotional abuse
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difference w/ narcissistic and borderline
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narcissistic - independent and desire for interpersonal control
borderline - needy |
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What are the defense mechanisms associated with Borderline PD?
Which PD is it most commonly comorbid with? |
Defense Mechanisms: splitting, projective identification, dissociation, denial
Comorbidity: ASPD though having a parent w/ a PD has greater impact than any Axis I pathology |
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Whats the difference in schizoid and schizotypal personality disorders?
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Schizoid = lack of interest in social relationships, anhedonia, introspection
Schizotypal = odd behavior or thinking |
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PARANOID PERSONALITY DISORDER
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pattern of distrust & suspiciousness such that others' motives are seen as malevolent
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What can be a precursor to antisocial personality disorder?
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conduct disorder
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SCHIZOID PERSONALITY DISORDER
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detachment from social relationships & restricted range of emotional expression
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SCHIZOTYPAL PERSONALITY DISORDER
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acute discomfort in close relationships, cognitive or perceptual distortions, eccentricities of behavior
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ANTISOCIAL PERSONALITY DISORDER
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disregard for, & violation of, the rights of others
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HISTRIONIC PERSONALITY DISORDER
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excessive emotionality & attention seeking
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NARCISSISTIC PERSONALITY DISORDER
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grandiosity, need for admiration & lack of empathy
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AVOIDANT PERSONALITY DISORDER
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social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, & hypersensitivity to negative evaluation
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DEPENDENT PERSONALITY DISORDER
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submissive and clinging behavior related to an excessive need to be taken care of
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OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE PERSONALITY DISORDER
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preoccupation with orderlinesss, perfectionism, & control
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3 common Axis I disorders that are often comorbid with personality disorders
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1. anxiety disorders
2. mood disorders 3. substance abuse disorders |
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critical feature of antisocial personality disorder
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disregard for the rights and feelings of others
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one of the most tx refractory personality disorders; poor prognosis
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antisocial
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accounts for 1/3 or more of personality disorder dx
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borderline
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Name the personality type:
Distrusting Suspicious of others Interpret motives of others as malevolent Blame problems on others Angry and hostile |
Paranoid personality
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Name the personality type:
Neither desires nor enjoys close relationships (including family), prefers to be alone Lifelong social detachment Restricted emotional range/affect Eccentric and reclusive |
Schizoid personality
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Name the personality type:
Eccentric behaviours Odd beliefs Peculiar thought patterns Discomfort with intimacy |
Schizotypal personality
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Name the personality type:
Unstable moods, behaviour, interpersonal relations Problems with self-image Impulsivity Hx suicide attempts and/or self-harm |
Borderline personality
**10% suicide rate** |
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Name the personality type:
Lack of remorse for actions, manipulative and deceitful, often violate the law Disregard for and violation of rights of others (before 15 y.o.) Charming on first impression |
Antisocial personality
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Name the personality type:
Sense of superiority, grandiosity, exhibitionistic Lacking empathy, with fragile sense of self Exploit others for personal gain |
Narcissistic personality
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Name the personality type:
Attention-seeking Excessively emotional Dramatic, flamboyant, extroverted Cannot form meaningful relationships |
Histrionic personality
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Name the personality type:
Timid and socially awkward Pervasive sense of inadequacy Fear of criticism or embarassment in social situations Social withdrawal and inhibition |
Avoidant personality
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Name the personality type:
Pervasive and excessive need to be cared for Fear of separation Clinging, needy, submissive Difficulty making everyday decisions |
Dependent personality
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Name the personality type:
Preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism Likes to be in control Inflexible, closed-off, inefficient |
Obsessive-compulsive disorder
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Which personality disorders are often found in those with ADHD, learning disorders, and neurological soft signs?
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Borderline PD
Antisocial PD |
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-etiology: often raised in a cold and neglectful atmosphere in which they may conclude that relationships are unsatisfying and unnecessary
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Schizoid Personality Disorder
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-this individual may be able to function in a solitary occupation but shows indifference to praise or criticism from others
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Schizoid Personality Disorder
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Characteristics:
-emotional detachment from social engagement |
Schizoid Personality Disorder
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-thinking that is all black or white (worship then hate a nurse)
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Borderline Personality Disorder
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Characteristics:
-unstable, intense relationships, unstable identify |
Borderline Personality Disorder
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Characteristics:
-intense fear of abandonment, chronic emptiness |
Borderline Personality Disorder
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-splitting: major defense (adoring then devaluing persons)
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Borderline Personality Disorder
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Interventions:
-provide clear and consistent boundaries -limit set, reinforce rules and boundaries |
Borderline Personality Disorder
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Interventions:
-don’t rescue them, promote coping |
Borderline Personality Disorder
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Interventions:
-be aware of manipulative behaviors (flattery, seductiveness, instilling of guilt) |
Borderline Personality Disorder
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Interventions:
-when behavior problems emerge, calmly review the therapeutic goals and boundaries of treatment |
Borderline Personality Disorder
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1. odd beliefs or magical thinking
2. unusual perceptual experiences (including bodily illusions) 3. odd thinking and speech (overelaborate) |
schizotypal personality disorder
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-primary feature of arrogance with a grandiose view of self importance
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Narcissistic Personality Disorder
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-need for constant admiration
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Narcissistic Personality Disorder
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-a lack of empathy for others which strains most relationships
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Narcissistic Personality Disorder
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-these individuals experience a feeling of personal entitlement, when aspired with their lack of social empathy, it may result in the exploitation of other people
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Narcissistic Personality Disorder
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pervasive pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking, beginning by early adulthood
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histrionic personality disorder
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-feel intense shame and fear of abandonment
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Narcissistic Personality Disorder
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-afraid of their own mistakes as well as the mistakes of others
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Narcissistic Personality Disorder
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dress and carry themselves in seductive or provocative manner; clinical interview may be dominated by flirtatious banter; can have capricious flight from relationship to relationship
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histrionic personality disorder
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-etiology: childhood neglect and criticism
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Narcissistic Personality Disorder
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excessive need to be taken care of that leads to submissive and clinging behavior and fears of separation
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dependent personality disorder
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as an adult they hide feelings of emptiness with invulnerability and self-sufficiency
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Narcissistic Personality Disorder
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-marked by emotional attention-seeking behavior in which the person needs to be the center of attention
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Histrionic Personality Disorder
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-impulsive and melodramatic
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Histrionic Personality Disorder
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What defense mechanisms are associated with Dependent PD?
What psychosocial phase are they stuck at? |
Defenses: idealization, reaction formation, projective identification, inhibition, somatization, regression
Phase: oral stage; hunger for attachment |
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What defense mechanisms are associated w/OCPD?
What psychosocial phase are they stuck at? |
Defenses: isolation, intellectualization, moralization, rationalization, undoing, reaction formation, displacement
Phase: anal |
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What defense mechanisms are associated w/Avoidant PD?
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Defenses: repression, inhibition, isolation, displacement, projection, avoidance
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difference b/w narcissistic and hypomania
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narcissistic are haughty and arrogant, and they are more selective of activities (only ones that merit their special talents); hypomanics will be in a whirl of activities
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What are some narcissistic psychological defenses?
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Denial, distortion, primitive idealization, projection, projective identification, splitting
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shows no remorse for exploitation and manipulation of others
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antisocial personality disorder
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accepts a job he does not want to do, then does a poor job and delays past the deadline
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passive-aggressive
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believes she is entitiled to special privileges others do not deserve
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narcissistic
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they are suspicious of all others with whom they come in contact with
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paranoid
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swallows a bottle of pills afer therapist leaves on vacation
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borderline personlaity disorder
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believes he has a "sixth sense" and can know what others are thinking
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schizotypcal
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allows others to make all her important decisions for her
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dependent personality disorder
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refuses to enter into a relationship because of fear of rejection
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avoidant
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demonstrates highly emotional and overly dramatic behavior
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histrionic
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has a lifelong pattern of social withdrawal
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schizoid
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believes everyone must follow the rules and that the rules can be "bent" for no one ever
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obsessive-compulsive
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pavlov
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classical conditioning
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operant conditiong
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skinner
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Interventions
trust, genuiness, firm but not overly friendly |
paranoid
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Interventions
offer self w/out being to pushy |
schizoid
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Interventions
trust, genuiness, firm but not overly friendly |
schizotypal
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Interventions
limit setting & protect other clients |
antisocial
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Interventions
limit setting & protect client |
borderline
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Interventions
confront immediately on impulsive behaviors; pos feedback on positive behaviors. Provide insight related to behaviors |
Narcissistic
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borderline personality disorders become fixed in the _______ phase of development
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Rapprochment
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Rapprochment phase
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Awareness of separateness of the self becomes acute
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individuals with antisocial personality have a very low...
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tolerance for frustraion, act impertuously, and are unable to delay gratification
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Believe good guys come in last and show contempt for the weak
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antisocial
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"everyone is out to help number one"
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antisocial
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predisposing factors to antisocial
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attention deficit hyperactivity
conduct disorder |
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defense coping
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repeated projection of falsely positive self-evaluation based on a self-protective pattern that defends against underlying perceived threats
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Interpersonal psychotherapy is suggested for
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paranoid
schizoid schizotypal borderline dependent narcissistice obsessive-compulsive |
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psychoanalytical psychotherapy is good for
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histrionic
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milieu or group therapy good for
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antisocial
avoidant dependent |
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cognitive/behavioral therapy good for
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obsessive-compulsive
passive-agressive antisocial avoidant |
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pharmacology - antipsychotic meds good for
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paranoid
schizotypal borderline |
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SSRI & MAOI have successful in decreasing impulsivity & self-destructive acts in?
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borderline
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___ & ____ useful for violent episodes in _______ PD
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lithium
propranolol antisocial |
