Mental Health Medications - Classifications

Front 1

SEDATIVE HYPNOTIC ANXIOLYTICS - BENZODIAZEPINES

Back 1

- Select prototype medication: DIAZEPAM (relief of anxiety occurs quickly)
- ALPRAZOLAM (XANAX)
- LORAZEPAM (ATIVAN)
- CLONAZEPAM (KLONOPIN)
- CHLORDIAZPOXIDE (LIBRIUM)

- Used to Treat -
* GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDERS *
* SEIZURE DISORDERS *
* MUSCLE SPASMS *

- Major Side Effects -
* CNS DEPRESSION (SEDATION, LIGHTHEADEDNESS, DECREASED COGNITIVE FUNCTION) *
* PARADOXICAL RESPONSE (INSOMNIA, EXCITATION, EUPHORIA, ANXIETY AND RAGE)
* WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS: ANXIETY, INSOMNIA, DIAPHORESIS, TREMORS (OCCURS INFREQUENTLY WITH SHORT-TERM USE) *

Front 2

ATYPICAL ANXIOLYTIC/NON-BARBITURATE ANXIOLYTIC

Back 2

- Select prototype medication: BUSPIRONE

- Used to Treat -
* PANIC DISORDERS *
* OCD *
* SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDERS*

- Major Side Effects -
* DIZZINESS *
* NAUSEA *
* HEADACHE*
* AGITATION *

** TOLERANCE, DEPENDENCE, OR WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS SHOULD NOT OCCUR WITH THIS MEDICATION **

Front 3

SELECTIVE SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS (SSRI ANTIDEPRESSANTS)

Back 3

- Select prototype medication: PAROXETINE
- SERTRALINE (ZOLOFT)
- FLUOXETINE (PROZAC)

- Used to Treat -
* GAD *
* PANIC DISORDERS *
* OCD *
* PTSD *

- Major Side Effects -
* GI BLEEDING *
* HYPONATREMIA (ESPECIALLY IN OLDER CLIENTS) *
* WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS *
* SEROTONIN SYNDROME *
*USE OF MAOI'S AND TCA'S CAN CAUSE SEROTONIN SYNDROME *

Front 4

TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS

Back 4

- Select prototype medication: AMITRIPTYLINE (ELAVIL)
- IMPIRAMINE (TOFRANIL)
- DOXEPIN (SINEQUAN)

- Used to Treat -
* DEPRESSION *
* DEPRESSIVE EPISODES OF BIPOLAR DEPRESSION *

- Major Side Effects -
* ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION *
* ANTICHOLINERGIC EFFECTS *
* SEDATION *
* DECREASED SEIZURE THRESHOLD *
* EXCESSIVE SWEATING *

Front 5

SELECTIVE SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS (SSRI'S)

Back 5

- Select prototype medication: FLUOXETINE (PROZAC)
- CITALOPRAM (CELEXA)
- SERTRALINE (ZOLOFT)
- ESCITALOPORAM (LEXAPRO)

- Used to Treat -
* MAJOR DEPRESSION *
* OCD *
* BULIMIA NERVOSA *
* PANIC DISORDERS *
* PTSD *

- Major Side Effects -
* SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION (MEDICATION MAY BE CHANGED TO BUPROPION (WELLBUTRIN)) *
* CNS STIMULATION (INABILITY TO SLEEP, ANXIETY AND RAGE) *
* SEROTONIN SYNDROME *
* WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME *
* HYPONATREMIA (MORE LIKELY IN OLDER CLIENTS)
* GI BLEEDING *
* BRUXISM (TREAT BRUXISM WITH BUSPIRON) *

Front 6

MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS (MAOI'S)

Back 6

- Select prototype medication: PHENELIZINE (NARDIL)
- ISOCARBOXZID (MARPLAN)

- Used to Treat -
* ATYPICAL DEPRESSION *
* BULIMIA NERVOSA *
* OCD *

- Major Side Effects -
* CNS STIMULATION *
* ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION *
* HYPERTENSIVE CRISIS RESULTING FROM A DIETARY INTAKE OF TYRAMINE *
*USE CAUTIOUSLY IN CLIENTS WITH DIABETES AND SEIZURE DISORDERS OR THOSE TAKING TCA'A *
*USE OF TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS AND MAOI'S CAN LEAD TO HYPERTENSIVE CRISIS *
* USE WITH SSRI'S CAN LEAD TO SEROTONIN SYNDROME *
* TYRAMINE RICH FOODS CAN LEAD TO HYPERTENSIVE CRISIS *

Front 7

ATYPICAL ANTIDEPRESSANTS

Back 7

- Select prototype medication: BUPROPION HCL (WELLBUTRIN)

- Used to Treat -
* TREATMENT OF DEPRESSION *
* ALTERNATIVE TO SSRI'S FOR CLIENTS UNABLE TO TOLERATE SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION SIDE EFFECTS OF SSRI'S
* PREVENTION OF SAD *

- Major Side Effects -
* HEADACHE *
* DRY MOUTH *
* GI DISTRESS *
* INCREASED HEART RATE *
* INSOMNIA *
* SEIZURES *
* SUPPRESSED APPETITE AND OFTEN CAUSES WEIGHT LOSS *
* USE THIS MEDICATION CAUTIOUSLY IN CLIENTS WHO HAVE SEIZURE DISORDERS *

Front 8

MOOD STABILIZERS

Back 8

- Select prototype medication: LITHIUM CARBONATE

- Used to Treat -
* ACUTE MANIA (USED TO CONTROL EPISODES) *
* PREVENTION OF MANIA OR DEPRESSION *
* ALCOHOLISM *

- Major Side Effects -
* GI DISTRESS (NAUSEA, DIARRHEA) *
* FINE HAND TREMORS *
* WEIGHT GAIN *
* RENAL TOXICITY (MONITOR BASELINE KIDNEY FUNCTION) *
* GOITER AND HYPOTHYROIDISM *
* SODIUM IS EXCRETED WITH THE USE OF DIURETICS, REDUCED SERUM SODIUM DECREASES LITHIUM CARBONATE EXCRETION, WHICH CAN LEAD TO TOXICITY (CLIENT NEEDS TO MAINTAIN A DIET ADEQUATE IN SODIUM)

** DURING INITIAL TREATMENT, LEVELS ARE BETWEEN 0.4-1.8 **
** MAINTENANCE LEVEL: 0.4-1.0 **
** LEVELS GREATER THAN 1.5 INDICATES TOXICITY **

* EARLY SIGNS OF TOXICITY: DIARRHEA *
* EARLY, EARLY SIGNS, MUSCLE WEAKNESS *

Front 9

ANTIPSYCHOTICS - CONVETIONAL

Back 9

- Select prototype medication: CHLORPROMAZINE (THORAZINE)
- HALOPERIDOL (HALDOL)

- Used to Treat -
* ACUTE AND CHRONIC PSYCHOSES *
* SCHIZOPHRENIA *
* BIPOLAR DISORDERS - PRIMARILY MANIC PHASE *

- Major Side Effects -
* ACUTE DYSTONIA *
* PARKINSONISM *
* AKATHSIA *
* NEUROLEPTIC MALIGNANT SYNDROME *
* ANTICHOLINERGIC EFFECTS *
* ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION *
* SEDATION *
* GYNECOMASTIA *
* PHOTOSENSITIVITY *
* AGRANULOCYTOSIS *

Front 10

ANTIPSYCHOTICS - ATYPICAL

Back 10

- Select prototype medication: RISPERIDONE (RISPERIDAL)
- ZIPRASIDONE (GEODON)
- CLOZPINE (CLOZARIL)
- OLANZAPINE (ZYPREXA)

- Used to Treat -
* SCHIZOPHRENIA (NEGATIVE AND POSITIVE SYMPTOMS) *
* PSYCHOSES INDUCED BY LEVODOPA THERAPY *

- Major Side Effects -
* WEIGHT GAIN *
* NEW ONSET OF DIABETES MELLITUS OR LOSS OF GLUCOSE CONTROL *

Front 11

CNS STIMULANTS

Back 11

- Select prototype medication: RITALIN

- Used to Treat
* ADHD *
* CONDUCT DISORDERS

- Major Side Effects -
* CNS STIMULATION (INSOMNIA, RESTLESSNESS) *
* WEIGHT LOSS, POSSIBLE GROWTH SUPPRESSION *
* WITHDRAWAL REACTION *