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68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Three stages of Selye's General Adaptation Syndrome
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Alarm Reaction
Stage of Resistence Stage of Exhaustion |
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What occurs in the Alarm Reaction stage of GAS
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physiological responses are initiated
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Describe Severe Anxiety
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concentration centers on one detail, attention span is limited,HA, behavior is aimed at relieving anxiety
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Compensation
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covering up a undesired weakness by emphasizing a desired one
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Displacement
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transfer of feelings for one person onto a less threatening one
"kicking the dog" |
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Identification
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in an attempt to increase self worth, acquiring attributes one someone you admire
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Projection
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putting your unacceptable feelings onto someone else
"being in love with your boss and excusing him of flirting" |
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Rationalization
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making excuses to justify unacceptable behaviors
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Reaction Formation
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to prevent unwanted feelings from being exposed you behave in the exact opposite way
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Introjection
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incorporating someone else's beliefs into your value system
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Supression
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VOLUNTARY blocking
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Repression
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INVOLUNTARY blocking
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Sublimation
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rechanneling unacceptable impulses into ones that are productive
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Stages of Grief
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Denial
Anger Bargaining Depression Acceptance |
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What is the role of the Ego
according to Freud |
the rational self, responds to the world, maintains balance between Id and Superego 4-6months
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Freud's stages of Personality Development
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Oral birth-18m
Anal 18m-3 yo Phallic 3-6 yo Latency 6-12 yo Genital 13-20 yo |
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What occurs in the Phallic stage of Freud's Personality Development
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Id with parent of same sex
Oedipus complex-get rid of same sex parent, possess the opposite sex parent |
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Trust vs Mistrust
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infancy-18m
develop trust in mothering figure and transfer it to others |
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Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt
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18m-3 yo
gain self control and independence |
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Intiative vs Guilt
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3-6 yo
develop a sense of purpose and ability to intiate activities |
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Industry vs Inferiority
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6-12 yo
achieve self confidence through accomplishments and acceptance from peers/others |
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Identity vs Role Confusion
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12-20 yo
bring it all together to form a sense of self |
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Intimacy vs Isolation
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20-30 yo
form lasting realtionships or commitment to someone/thing else |
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Generavity vs Stagnation
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30-65 yo
achieve life goals, establish self |
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Ego Integrity vs Despair
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65 yo-death
review life and derive a meaning from all events and achieve a sense of self worth |
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Describe stages of development in Peplau's Interpersonal Theory
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Learn to count on others
Learn to delay gratification Identifying oneself Develop skills of participation |
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Norepinephrine
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associated with "fight-or-flight"
▲ mania, anxiety, schizo ▼ depression |
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Dopamine
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▲ mania, schizo
▼ depression |
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Serotonin
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have a role in sleep, mood, libido
▲ schizo, anxiety ▼ depression |
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GABA
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▲
▼ anxiety |
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Substance P
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role in the regulation of pain
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Focusing
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taking notice of a single idea, used when pt is speaking quickly
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Reflecting
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referring questions back to pt used when asked for advice
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Restating
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repeating the main idea of what pt said, they know they have been understood
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Exploring
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used when pt speaks superfically, going deeper into a subject
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Presenting reality
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used when pt misinterprets environment, tell pt what your perception of situation is
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Nursing Process
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Assessment
Diagnosis Outcome Identification Planning Implementation Evaluation |
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Alprazolam
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Xanax
benzo |
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Chlordiazepoxide
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Librium
benzo |
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Clonazepam
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Klonopin
benzo |
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Lorazepam
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Ativan
benzo |
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Diazepam
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Valium
bezo |
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Side effects of Antianxiety medications
alcohol withdrawal--preop sedation--convulsions |
drowsiness, dry mouth, orthostatic hypotension, potentiates other CNS depressants
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Side effects of Antidepressants
tricyclics--MAOIs--SSRIs |
dry mouth, sedation, nausea, constipation, orthostatic hypotension, photosensitivity
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What are the S/S of Neuroleptic malignant syndrome?
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-muscle rigidity (parkinsonian)
-hyperpyrexia -tachycardia -diaphoresis -mental deterioration |
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What is the treatment for NMS?
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-discontinue med immediately
-bromocriptine (Parlodel) -dantrolene (Dantrium) |
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What are the S/S of EPS?
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-pseudoparkinsonism
-akinesia -akathisia -dystonia -oculogyric crisis |
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What are the symptoms of pseudoparkinsonism?
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-drooling
-shuffling gait -tremors -rigidity |
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What is akinesia?
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muscular weakness
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What is akathisia?
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-continuous restlessness and fidgeting
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What are anticholinergic effects?
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-dry mouth
-blurred vision -constipation -urinary retention |
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What is tardive dyskinesia?
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bizarre facial and tongue movements, stiff neck and difficulty swallowing
withdraw drug immediately occurs with pt taking conventional antipsychotics |
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Antipsychotics
neuroleptics used in the Tx of psychoses |
-Thorazine
-Haldol -Clozaril -Zyprexa -Geodon -Abilify -Risperdal |
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What antipsychotics can be used to treat Tourette's in children?
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-haloperidol (Haldol)
-pimozide (Orap) |
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What are the side effects of antipsychotics?
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-EPS (conventional)
-NMS -anticholinergic effects -tardive dyskinesia -reduces seizure threshold -photosensitivity -hyperglycemia |
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What are the meds used in ADHD?
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-Adderall
-Ritalin -Cylert -Strattera |
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Describe Lithium
Mood Stabilizer Eskalith--Lithane--Lithobid |
-used in Tx of Bipolar
-narrow therapeutic level <1.5 -maintain salt -water (2500-3000 ml) -similar structure as sodium -hypotension, arrhythmias |
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What are the S/S of Lithium toxicity?
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-confusion #1
-blurred vision -tinnitus -N/V -slurred speech |
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What are positive symptoms in schizophrenia?
Tx with conventionals |
-halluciantions
-delusions -disorganized thinking/speech -odd behavior |
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What are negative symptoms in schizophrenia?
Tx with atypicals |
-flat affect
-alogia -avolition -anhedonia -social isolation |
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volition
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impairment in the ability to initiate goal-directed activities
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echopraxia
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imitation of another person's movements
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associative looseness
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topics of speech are unconnected can become incoherent, quickly shifting ideas
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clang associations
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words rhyme
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What are types of disorganized thoughts/speech?
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-clang associations
-word salad -neologisms -tangetiality -concrete thinking |
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What is the differnce between waxy flexibility and posturing?
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-in waxy flexibility pt allows someone else to position body
-in posturing the pt assumes position |
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Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
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-Prozac
-Paxil -Lovox -Zoloft -Celexa -Lexapro -Effexor |
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What are medicatons associated with ECT treatments?
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-thiopental sodium (Pentothal) s short-acting anesthetic
-succinylcholine (Anectine) muscle relaxer -glycopyrrolate (Robinul) decreases secretions |
