Mental Health Chapter 7

Front 1

Culture

Back 1

Is all the socially learned behaviors, values, beliefs, customs, and ways of thinking of a population that guide its members’ views of themselves and the world.

Front 2

Culturally competent

Back 2

Being sensitive to issues related to culture, race, gender, sexual orientation, social class, economic situation, and other factors

Front 3

Environmental control

Back 3

Refers to a client’s ability to control the surroundings or direct factors in the environment (Giger & Haddad, 2021)

Those who believe that illness is a result of nature or natural causes are less likely to seek traditional health care because they do not believe it can help them.

Front 4

Ethnicity

Back 4

Concept of people identifying with one another based on a shared heritage.

All of which affects a person’s role and therefore their health and illness behavior.

Front 5

Hardiness

Back 5

Is the ability to resist illness when under stress. First described by Kobasa (1978)

3 components to hardiness

1.Commitment: active involvement in life activities

2.Control: ability to make appropriate decisions in life activities

3.Challenge: ability to perceive change as beneficial rather than just stressful

Hint 5

Hardiness has been found to have a moderating or buffering effect on people experiencing stress. High stress low occurrence of illness = scored high on hardiness

Front 6

Health literacy

Back 6

Is the person’s ability to find, understand, and use information and services to make informed health-related decisions. CDC

The issues identified need to be addressed through public policy and funding, community participation, and rebuilding neighborhoods if long-term change and progress is going to occur.

Front 7

Resilience

Back 7

Is defined as having healthy responses to stressful circumstances or risky situations.

This concept helps explain why one person reacts to a slightly stressful event with severe anxiety, while another person does not experience distress even when confronting a major disruption.

Hint 7

Hoopsick (2021) found that high resilience was significant in moderating anger, anxiety, depression and PTSD.

Front 8

Resourcefulness

Back 8

Involves using problem-solving abilities and believing that one can cope with adverse or novel situations.

People develop this through interactions with others - through successfully coping with life experiences.

Front 9

Self-efficacy

Back 9

Is a belief that personal abilities and efforts affect the events in one’s life.

A person who believes that their behavior makes a difference is more likely to take action.

People with high self-efficacy set personal goals, are self motivated, cope effectively with stress and request support from others when needed.

The opposite is true of low self-efficacy

Front 10

Sense of belonging

Back 10

Is the feeling of connectedness with or involvement in a social system or environment of which a person feels an integral part.

Abraham Maslow described a sense of belonging as a basic human psychosocial need that involves feelings of both value and fit.

A sense of belonging can promote health, whereas lack of this sense can impair health.

Hint 10

Value refers to feeling needed and accepted.

Fit refers to feeling that one meshes or fits in with the system or environment.

Front 11

Social determinants of health

Back 11

Nonmedical factors that influence health, such as sense of community, access to adequate resources, intolerance of violence, support of diversity among people, mastery of the environment, education, employment, income and social protection, and food security.

Front 12

Social networks

Back 12

Are groups of people one knows and with whom one feels connected. Studies have found that having a social network can help reduce stress, diminish illness, and positively influence the ability to cope and adapt for both clients and their caregivers

Front 13

Social support

Back 13

Is the emotional sustenance that comes from friends, family members, and even health care providers who help a person when a problem arises.

Front 14

Social organization

Back 14

Refers to family structure and organization, religious values and beliefs, ethnicity, and culture.

All affect a person’s role and therefore their health and illness behavior.

Front 15

Spirituality

Back 15

Involves the essence of a person’s being and their beliefs about the meaning of life and the purpose of living. It may include belief in god or higher power, the practice of religion, cultural beliefs and practices, and a relationship with the environment.

Front 16

Time orientation

Back 16

Whether or not one views time as precise or approximate; differs among cultures.

Some cultures may not perceive the importance of adhering to specific follow-up appointments or procedures or time-related treatment regiments.

Nurses should not label such clients as non compliant when their behavior may be related to different cultural orientation to the meaning of time.

Front 17

Naturalist view

Back 17

Is rooted in a belief that natural conditions or forces such as cold, heat, wind or dampness are responsible for the illness (giger &haddad 2021)

Front 18

Unnatural belief

Back 18

Attribute illness to the active, purposeful intervention of an outside agent, spirit or supernatural force or deity

Front 19

Biomedical view

Back 19

Promotes the belief that cause-and-effect exists for all phenomena and that responses can be controlled by genetic chemical, or other external means. Promotes the idea of health as merely the absence of disease, which is limiting (andrews 2020)

Front 20

6 cultural factors used for assessing clients

Back 20

Communication

Physical distance or space

Social organization

Time orientation

Environmental control

Biological variations

Giger & Haddad 2021

Front 21

Cultural humility

Back 21

The lifelong process of being inquisitive and open to others

Front 22

Interpersonal factors

Back 22

1.sense of belonging (Maslow) which involves both fit and value

2.social networks

3.social support

4.family support