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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Assumptions of the medical model
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-mental illness is primarily a disease of the brain, often with genetic causes - symptoms can be classified into distinct diagnostic categories --> stigma - unambiguous divide between the mentally healthy and the mentally disturbed ---> discrimination |
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Definition of the medical model
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The medical model of mental illness treats mental disorders in the same way as a broken arm, i.e. there is thought to be a physical cause. This model has been adopted by psychiatrists rather than psychologists.Supporters of the medical model consequently consider symptoms to be outward signs of the inner physical disorder and believe that if symptoms are grouped together and classified into a ‘syndrome’ the true cause can eventually be discovered and appropriate physical treatment administered
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Consequence of medical model
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- cruel and ineffective treatments aiming to fix a biological abnormality. - genetic theories of madness inspired extermination as a treatment for mental illness (Nazis) - extreme power imbalance between the medical profession and patient - this power could be used to serve political agendas. - they have no voice. the double blind mean that objections to treatment are seen as further evidence for the need for treatment. |
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Media representations of mental health
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distortions: -mental illness= violence ie psycho, American psycho etc. newspaper articles: 'my sister the psychotic killer' 'schizophrenic given life for murder' 'bonkers Bruno locked up' - diefenbach: mentally ill characters 10x move violent than other characters; 10-20x more violent than actual mentally ill individuals mentally ill = genius shown in A Beautiful Mind the slyvia plath effect (kaufman) |
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Societies perceptions
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Conflicting attitudes: people with mental illness' ... -have for too long been the subject to ridicule (78%) - should have the same rights to a job as anyone else ((75%) - we need to adopt a more tolerant attitude (87%) -most women who were once patients in a mental hospital can be trusted as babysitters (26%) - less emphasis should be placed on protecting the public fro people with mental illness (34%) -mental hospitals are outdated means of treating peopl with mental illness (33%) |
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Stigma of mental illness
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socially deviant and linked with negative stereotypes: - mad, bad, dangerous and unpredictable -lazy, incompetent, notions of blame. 14 year old conception of mental illness - nuts, psycho, loony, weird, freak, spastic and deentend |
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Discrimination of people with mental illness
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Sartorius and schultz: -cross- national study of stigma - if i apply for the job and tell them i schizophrenia, i wont be hired. if dont tell them and they find out or i have a relapse. i will be fired' (canada) - my parents support me but we cant tell any of our neightbours, it would hurt my sisters chances of being married.' (india) - the doctors left me waiting in the emergency room, fighting my delusions for six hours; they said other peoples probles were more serious than mine' (US) |
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Raising awareness in the biomedical approach
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- sees the persons mental health problems as the main problem. - seems problems as a symptom of an underlying disease process and illness -sees societal reactions as due to the stigma attached to having a mental health problem - aim of public education Is to remove perceived blame attached to the individual by 'blaming' the illness rather than the person. - key public education slogan ' mental illness is an illness like any other' |
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Raising awareness in psychological approach
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- sees barriers in society as the main problem - sees problems as an understandable response to adverse life events. - sees societal reactions as due to discrimination against a marginalised group - rejects the relevance of notions of blame and aims to promote diversity, reduce fear and increase empathy and understanding - key public education slogan: ' I am crazy, so what? its normal to be different' |
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changing perceptions?
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the service user movement (uk): - mental patients 1972 >campaigning for patient rights >influencing policy and practice >empowering patients: involvement in care and treatment clinical psychiatry (postpsychiatry) > alternative conceptualisation of mental illness patients' subjective experience of symptoms vs diagnostic label |
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Activism
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- anti psychiatry movement - psycho 1960- Alfred Hitchcock thriller - one flew over the cuckoos nest - rosenhan experiments - sane in insane places -Vincent- van goughs affliction schizophrenia or depression - a beautiful mind |
