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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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It is no longer necessary to have all three criteria: ___, ___, and ___
for dependence. |
tolerance, withdrawal, compulsion
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CNS depressants:
___, ____, ____, ____ |
alcohol, sedatives, hypnotics, anxiety agents
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Opioids are known as ___.
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narcotics
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Stimulants: ___, ___
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cocaine, amphetamines
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Hallucinogens: ___, ___
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LSD, PCP
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What syndrome is seen in chronic alcoholics?
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Korsakoff's syndrome
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Wernicke's encephalopathy:
1. Symptoms: ___, ___, ___, ___ 2. Caused by ___ deficiency 3. Seen with ___ 4. May coexist with ___ |
1. double vision, involuntary and rapid eye movements, lack of muscular coordination, mild or severely decreased mental function
2. thiamine 3. chronic alcoholism 4. Korsakoff's syndrome |
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FACT:
6 GI effects of alcohol |
1. cirrhosis
2. pancreatitis 3. gastritis/ulcer/GI bleeding 4. inflammatory processes with malabsorption 5. esophageal varices/rupture 6. vitamin B, magnesium and thiamine deficiencies |
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Overdose of alcohol can cause ___, ___, ___.
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coma, respiratory depression, aspiration
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___ decrease symptoms and prevent seizures by preventing CNS hyperexcitability.
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Benzodiazepines
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2 common benzodiazepines?
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1. Valium
2. Ativan |
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___ is taken in rehabilitation treatment program for alcohol. It inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase causing increase of acetaldehyde if ETOH is ingested.
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Antabuse (disulfiram)
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2 types of sedatives/hypnotics/anti-anxiety agents?
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1. barbiturates
2. benzodiazapines |
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Effects of sedatives/hyponotics/anti-anxiety agents?
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-drowsiness, sedated appearance
-lack of coordination -euphoria -labile emotions -irritability, anxiety -impaired attention -working memory loss |
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2 antidotes for benzodiazapines?
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1. Anexate
2. Romazicon |
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2 designer drugs that are sedatives/hypnotics/anti-anxiety agents?
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1. Rohypnol
2. GHB |
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Examples of opioids:
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-morphine
-heroin -codeine -dilaudid -demerol -percocet -vicodin |
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Effects of opioids:
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-respiratory depression
-suppresses cough -inhibits GI motility - |
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Withdrawal symptoms of opioids:
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-craving
-muscle aches, backaches, -severe abdominal cramps, diarrhea -watery eyes, runny nose, yawning -tremors -chills, sweating -crawling sensation on skin |
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Symptoms of opioid overdose:
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-clammy skin
-shallow respirations -pinpoint pupils (may be dilated with hypoxia) -death from respiratory depression or pulmonary edema |
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___ is a given to reverse respiratory depression and coma caused by opioids.
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narcan
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Complications of cocaine:
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-constriction of coronary and cerebral vessels, leading to cardiac and cerebral infarcts
-loss of sense of smell -pulmonary damage -hepatitis |
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Speedballing is cocaine mixed with ___ and injected IV.
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heroin
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Space-basing is crack cocaine with ___.
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PCP
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Withdrawal symptoms of cocaine:
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-severe craving
-depression -fatigue, irritability -vivid, unpleasant dreams |
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Symptoms of cocaine overdose:
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-euphoria, grandiosity, anger, combativeness, impaired judgment
-tachycardia, cardiac arrhythmias, elevated BP -perspiration, chills -N/V -seizures, respiratory depression -hyperpyrexia -death |
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Nystagmus may indicate ___ in alcoholism.
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Wernicke's encephalopathy
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Alcohol withdrawal delerium is characterized by:
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-confusion, disorientation, hallucinations
-tachycardia -hypertension or hypotension -extreme tremors -agitation -diaphoresis -fever -death may result from cardiovascular collapse or hyperthermia |
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This drug is taken in rehab treatment program for alcoholism.
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antabuse
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Sedatives/hypnotics/
antianxiety agents ehances action of ___ in limbic system. |
GABA
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8 opioids:
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-morphine
-heroin -codeine -Dilaudid -Demerol -methadone -Percocet -Vicodin |
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Symptoms of opioid withdrawal:
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-craving
-muscle aches, backaches -severe abdominal cramps, diarrhea -watery eyes, runny nose, yawning -tremors -chills, sweating -crawling sensation on skin |
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Symptoms of opioid overdose:
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-clammy skin
-shallow respirations -pinpoint pupils (may be dilated withy hypoxia) -death from respiratory depression or irreversible pulmonary edema |
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___, a narcotic antagonist, is given to reverse respiratory depression.
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narcan
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Cocaine binds to DA transporters resulting in accumulation of DA.
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cocaine
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Complications of cocaine:
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-Constriction of coronary and cerebral vessels which can cause cardiac and cerebral infarcts
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Withdrawal symptoms of cocaine:
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-severe craving
-depression -fatigue, irritability -vivid, unpleasant dreams |
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Cocaine overdose:
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-euphoria, grandiosity, anger, combativeness, impaired judgment
-tachycardia, cardiac arrhythmias, elevated BP -perspiration, chills -N/V -seizures, respiratory depression -hyperpyrexia -death |
