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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What defines oligomenorrhea?
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A menstrual interval > 35 days
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What defines polymenorrhea?
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A menstrual interval < 21 days.
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What is the normal menstrual interval?
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28 +/- 7 days
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What is the average duration of menstrual flow?
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4 days
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What is menorrhagia?
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Heavy bleeding that occurs at regular intervals (>7 days or > 80 ml). AKA hypermennorrhea.
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What is metrorrhagia?
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Bleeding occurring at irregular but frequent intervals.
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What is menometrorrhagia?
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Prolonged bleeding occurring at irregular intervals.
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What is dysmennorrhea?
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Painful uterine bleeding.
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What should we use to clinically assess the loss of blood during menses?
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Do NOT use pad/tampon count b/c they're unreliable. Questions concerning passage of blood clots and degree of inconvenience are more helpful.
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How is hypothyroidism related to menstrual abnormalities?
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It is often assoc w/ menometrorrhagia.
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How is hyperthyroidsm related to menstrual abnormalities?
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It is often assoc w/ oligomenorrhea and amenorrhea.
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What is dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB)?
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It is excessive bleeding w/ no demonstrable organic cause; it is almost always due to endocrinologic abnormality.
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In dysfunctional uterine bleeding, 85% of patients are anovulatory secondary to what? What does this result in?
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Secondary to alterations of neuroendocrine function. This results in continuous unopposed estrogen production, and the endometrium continues to proliferate, which eventually sloughs as it outgrows its blood supply.
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What are the two treatments for acute bleeding/hemorrhage of the internal uterus?
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Estrogen and Progestin
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How does estrogen therapy help w/ acute bleeding/hemorrhage of the internal uterus?
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In pharmacologic doses, estrogen causes rapid growth of the endometrium and covers denuded areas. After bleeding stops, combine w/ progestin for 7-10 days and expect synchronized bleeding that may be heavy.
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How is progestin used to treat acute bleeding/hemorrhage of the internal uterus?
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It is used for anovulatory bleeding. It prvents endomentrial neoplasia that may result from unopposed estrogen.
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How do NSAIDs help with uterine bleeding?
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They block COX which causes:
1. Dec PGI2 = vessel wall relaxation and dec platelet aggregation. 2. Dec Thromboxane = vessel wall constriction, inc platelet aggregation 3. Dec menstrual blood loss and improved dysmenorrhea. |
