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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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memory
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the mental processes that enable you to retain and retrieve information over time
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encoding
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the process of transforming information into a form that cna be entered into and retained by the memory system
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storage
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the process pf retaining information stored in memory so that we are consciously aware of it
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retrieval
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the process of recovering information stored in memory so that we are consciously aware of it
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stage model of memory
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a model describing memory as consisting of three distinct stages: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory
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sensory memory
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registers information from the environment and holds it for a very brief period of time
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short-term memory
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active stage of memory in which information is stored for up to 20 seconds
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long-term memory
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stage of memory that represents the long-term storage of information
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maintenance rehearsal
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mental or verbal repetition of information in order to maintain it beyond the usual 20-second duration of short-term memory
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chunking
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increasing the amount of information that can be held in short-term memory by grouping related items together into a single unit, or chunk
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working memory
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the temporary storage and active, conscious manipulation of information needed for complex cognitive tasks, such as reasoning, learning, and problem-solving
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elaborative rehearsal
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involves focusing on the meaning of information to help encode and transfer it to long-term memory
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