Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Short term memory
|
Memory system that retains information for limited durations, no longer than 20 seconds
|
|
|
Decay
|
fading of info from memory
|
|
|
Interference
|
loss of info from memory bc of competition from additional incoming memory
|
|
|
Suggestive Memory Techniques
|
procedures that encourage patients to recall memories that may or may not have taken place
|
|
|
Proactive interference
|
Interference with acquisition of new info due to previous learning of info
|
|
|
Memory Illusion
|
subjectively compelling memory that demonstrates the paradoxical nature of memory and the reconstructive nature of memory
|
|
|
Sensory Memory
|
brief storage of perceptual information before it is passes to short-term memory
|
|
|
Retroactive Inhibition
|
Learning something new hampers earlier learning
|
|
|
Iconic Memory
|
visual sensory memory, lasts for only about a second
|
|
|
Echoic Memory
|
Auditory sensory memory, can last as long as 5-10 seconds
|
|
|
Memory
|
Retention of memory
|
|
|
Chunking
|
Organizing info into meaningful groups, allowing us to extend the span of short term memory
|
|
|
Rehearsal
|
Repeating info to extend the duration of retention in short term memory
|
|
|
Maintenance Rehearsal
|
Repeating stimuli in their original form to retain them in short-term memory
|
|
|
Elaborative Rehearsal
|
Linking stimuli to each other in a meaningful way to improve retention of info to short-term memory
|
|
|
Levels of Processing
|
model of memory states that the more deeply we transform info, the better we tend to remember it
|
|
|
Long term Memory
|
Sustained retention of stored information regarding facts, experiences, and skills
|
|
|
Primacy Effect
|
tendency to remember words at the beginning of a list especially well
|
|
|
Recency Effect
|
tendency to remember words at end of list
|
|
|
Von Restorff Effect
|
tendency to remember distinctive stimuli better than less distinctive stimuli
|
|
|
Serial Position Graph
|
Graph depicting the effect of both primacy and recency effects as well as the Von Restorff Effect
|
|
|
Explicit Memory
|
Something you can consciously recall from your memory
|
|
|
Semantic Memory
|
Our knowledge/facts of the world
|
|
|
Episodic Memory
|
Recollection of events in our lives
|
|
|
Implicit Memory
|
Memories we don't deliberately remember or reflect on consciously
|
|
|
Procedural Memory
|
Memory of how to do things
|
|
|
Priming Memory
|
Our ability to identify a stimulus more easily or more quickly after we've encountered similar stimuli
|
|
|
Three Stages of Learning
|
Encoding--> Storage -->Retrieval
|
|
|
Encoding
|
Code and put into memory
|
|
|
Storage
|
Maintain in memory
|
|
|
Retrieval
|
Getting memories back out of memory banks
|
|
|
Mnemonics
|
Strategies used during encoding; learning aid, strategy, or device that enhances recall
|
|
|
Schema
|
organized knowledge structure or mental model that we've stored in memory
|
|
|
Recall
|
Generating previously remembered info
|
|
|
Recognition
|
selecting previously remembered information from an array of options
|
|
|
Relearning
|
Reacquiring knowledge that we had previously learned but largely forgotten over time
|
|
|
Law of Distributed vs. Massed Practice
|
we remember things better in long run when we study info in small increments over time than in large increments over brief period of time
|
|
|
Encoding Specificity
|
Remembering something better when conditions under which we retrieve info are similar to the conditions under which we encoded it (remember better in same place it was learned)
|
|
|
Context Dependent
|
Superior retrieval of memories when external context of the original memories matches the retrieval context
|
|
|
State Dependent
|
superior retrieval when one is in the same physiological state as it was during encoding
|
