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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Eye Witness Testimony
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The evidence provided in court by a person who witnessed a crime, with a view to identifying the events of a crime.
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Leading (misleading) Question
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A question that suggests to a witness the desired answer.
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Short-term Memory
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Memory for immediate events. Lasts a small period of time. Limited duration and limited capacity.
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Long-term Memory
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Memory for events that happened in the past. Potentially unlimited duration and capacity.
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The Sensory Store
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Constantly receives info. If a person's attention is focused on one of the sensory stores then the data is transferred to STM.
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Duration
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A measure of how long memory lasts.
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Capacity
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A measure of how much can be held in memory.
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Encoding
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The way information can be changed so it's stored in memory. Stored in various forms; visual, audio or semantic.
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Chunking
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Miller proposed that the capacity of STM can be enhanced by grouping sets into more meaningful units or 'chunks'.
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The Multi-Store Model
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Created by:
Atkinson and Shiffrin 1968 |
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The Working Memory Model
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Created by:
Baddeley and Hitch 1974 |
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Central executive
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Monitors and coordinates all other mental functions in working memory.
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Phonological loop
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Encodes speech sounds in working memory. Involves maintenance rehearsal.
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Visuo-spatial sketchpad
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Encodes visual information.
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Episodic buffer
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Receives input from many sources, temporarily stores the info and then sorts it.
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Anxiety
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Unpleasant emotional state where we fear something bad is about to happen.
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Attention
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The first step to remebering something.
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Semantic memory
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We are more likely to remember things that have a meaning to us and are more memorable.
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Maintenance rehearsal
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Rehearsal maintains info, the more that info is rehearsed, the longer lasting the memory will be.
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Elaborative rehearsal
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Rehearsal involving more deeper, semantic analysis.
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Retrieval
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Recalling information from the memory stores.
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Peterson and Peterson
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Worked on techniques of measuring memory.
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The serial position effect
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Created by:
Glanzer and Cunitz 1966 |
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The serial position effect
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Created by:
Glanzer and Cunitz 1966 |
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Primacy Effect
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Part of the Serial position effect. Occurs because out of a list of words you are more likely to remember the first as they are transferred to LTM.
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Recency Effect
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Part of the Serial position effect. Occurs because out of a list of words you can recall the last words as they are still in STM.
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Loftus
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Her experiments have revealed how memories can be changed by misleading questions.
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