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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Main functions of proteins in membranes + examples
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1. Receptors
- light, hormones, neurotransmitters, pheromones 2. channels, gates, pumps - nutrients, ions, neurotransmitters 3. enzymes - lipid biosynthesis - ATP synthesis |
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membranes form _____________ in aqueous solution and are stabilized by _____________ forces, especially __________ effect
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form spontaneously
stabilized by non-cavalent forces especially hydrophobic effect |
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carbohydrate components of proteins are always found ___________
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outside the cell
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flippase
floppase scramblase |
flippase- moves protein from outer to inner bilayer leaflet
floppase- moves protein from inner to outer bilayer leaflet scramblase- moves lipids in either direction, towards equillibrium flippase and floppase require ATP scramblase does not require ATP |
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transporter or permease
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provide facilitated transport across a membrane
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what type of transport moves only nonpolar compounds down the concentration gradient?
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simple diffusion
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what type of transport moves compounds down the electrochemical gradient without use of ATP?
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facilitated diffusion
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what type of transport moves compounds against the electrochemical gradient?
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primary active transport
***requires ATP**** |
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what type of transport moves compounds against electrochemical gradient driven by an ion moving down its gradient?
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secondary active transport
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what type of transport moves compounds electrochemical gradient, gated by an ion?
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ion channel
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what type of transport moves an ion down the electrochemical gradient?
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Ionophore-mediated ion transport
- makes ion "greasy" enough to move through without a channel |
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How do vesicles go through membrane fusion?
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- v-snare on vesicle and t-snare on membrane bind to each other and 'zip' to draw the two membranes together
- membranes come together and bilayers fuse - pore widens as vesicle membrane is incorporated into cell membrane |
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three classes of transport systems
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uniport- one direction
symport - two compounds in one direction antiport - two compounds in opposite directions |
