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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the four types of melanoma?
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1) Acral
2) Cutaneous 3) Mucosal 4) Uveal |
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Which type of melanoma can metastasize to the liver without going through the lymph nodes?
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Uveal
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Where does melanoma rank in men and women as new cases?
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Men - 5th
Women - 6th |
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One in ___ Americans will develop skin cancer
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One in five
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Which type of skin cancer is most common? Least common?
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Basal cell carcinoma > squamous cell carcinoma > melanoma
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Which type of skin cancer develops at the skin's surface, more often on the ears, lips, or back of the hand?
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Squamous cell carcinoma
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Which type of skin cancer begins in the cells that form the base of the epidermis?
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Basal cell carcinoma
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Early stage melanoma has a ___% chance of five-year survival
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90%
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The median survival for stage 4 melanoma is ___
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Less than 1 year
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What do melanomas express that can be recognized by T-cells?
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Antigens (GP100)
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True or False - There are many chemo agents effective against metastatic melanoma
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False
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What are the four single agents used against malignant melanoma?
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Dacarbazine
Aldesleukin (IL2) Interferon-alpha Temozolomide |
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Which drug is most commonly used for metastatic melanoma?
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Dacarbazine
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What are the two important side effects of dacarbazine?
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1) Dose-limiting myelosuppression
2) Nausea/vomiting |
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What is the mechanism of dacarbazine?
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Non-classic alkylating agent (methylation of nucleic acids)
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What OTCs should be avoided with dacarbazine?
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Antioxidants
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Aldesleukin (IL2), interferon, and PEGinterferon-alpha-2b are what type of chemotherapy?
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Immunotherapy
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What is indicated for malignant melanoma as 1st-line treatment for those who can tolerate it and are responsive?
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Aldesleukin (IL2)
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Aldesleukin - the hospital must have _______ _______ facilities and specialists in _______ or _______ _______ medicine
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Intensive care facilities
Specialists in cardiopulmonary or intensive care medicine |
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What is the response rate of IL2?
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50%
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What are two important adverse effects of IL2?
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1) Flu-like symptoms
2) Dose-limiting toxicity of vascular leak syndrome |
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What two general mechanisms does interferon-alpha use?
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1) Direct anti-proliferative
2) Indirect ability to induce host antitumor mechanism |
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What are two dose-limiting toxicities of interferon-alpha?
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1) Fatigue
2) Anorexia |
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What is the advantage of PEGinterferon-alpha-2b over interferon-alpha?
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Longer half-life and once weekly dosing, compared to 3x per week
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What drug was approved this year for late-stage melanoma?
How much does it cost? |
Yervoy (ipilimumab)
$120,000 for a 4 dose treatment |
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What drug was approved this year for BRAFV600E positive melanoma?
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Zelboraf (vemurafenib)
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Which drug for melanoma also has a diagnostic test to identify eligible patients?
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Zelboraf (vemurafenib)
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