Medterms F, G, & H

Front 1

ibandronate sodium

Back 1

Two tubes that lead from the ovaries to the uterus. They transport egg cells to the uterus; also called uterine tubes.

Front 2

Family medicine

Back 2

Primary care of all members of the family on a continuing basis.

Front 3

Family practitioner

Back 3

Doctor responsible for primary care and treatment of patients on a continuing basis.

Front 4

Fatigue

Back 4

State of exhaustion or loss of strength.

Front 5

Feces

Back 5

Waste material from the digestive tract that is expelled from the body through the rectum and anus.

Front 6

Fellowship training

Back 6

Postgraduate training for doctors in specialized fields. The training may include CLINICAL and REASEARCH (laboratory) work.

Front 7

Female reproductive system

Back 7

Organs (OVARIES) that produce and transport (FALLOPIAN TUBES) egg cells and secrete female hormones (ESTROGEN and PROGEESTERONE). This system includes the uterus, where the embryo and fetus grow.

Front 8

Femur

Back 8

Thigh bone.

Front 9

Fibrillation

Back 9

Rapid, irregular, involuntary muscular contraction. Atrial and ventricular fibrillation are cardiac (heart) ARRHTHMIAS).

Front 10

Fibroid

Back 10

Benign growth of muscle in the uterus.

Front 11

Fibrosarcoma

Back 11

Malignant tumor of fibrous tissue.

Front 12

Fibula

Back 12

Smaller lower leg bone.

Front 13

Fistula

Back 13

Abnormal passageway from an internal organ to the body surface or between two internal organs.

Front 14

Fixation

Back 14

Act of holding, saving, or fastening a part in a fixed position.

Front 15

Flutter

Back 15

Rapid but regular, abnormal heart muscle contraction. Atrial and ventricular flutter are heart ARRHYTHMIAS.

Front 16

Follicle-stimulating hormone

Back 16

A hormone secreted by the pituitary gland to stimulate the egg cells in the ovaries.

Front 17

Fracture

Back 17

Breaking of a bone.

Front 18

Frontal

Back 18

Pertaining to the front; anterior.

Front 19

Frontal plane

Back 19

An up-and-down plane that divides the body or an organ into front and back portions; the coronal plane.

Front 20

Gallbladder

Back 20

Sac below the liver that stores bile and delivers it to the small intestines.

Front 21

Ganglion

Back 21

Benign cyst near a joint (wrist); also, a group of nerve cells (plural: ganglia).

Front 22

Gastralgia

Back 22

Stomach pain

Front 23

Gastrectomy

Back 23

Excision (removal) of the stomach.

Front 24

Gastric

Back 24

Pertaining to the stomach.

Front 25

Gastritis

Back 25

Inflammation of the stomach.

Front 26

Gastroenterologist

Back 26

Specialist in the treatment of stomach and intestinal disorders.

Front 27

Gastroenteritis

Back 27

Inflammation of the stomach and intestines.

Front 28

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

Back 28

A condition marked by backflow (reflux) of contents of the stomach into the esophagus. Abbreviation is GERD.

Front 29

Gastrojejunostomy

Back 29

New surgical opening between the stomach and the jejunum (second part of the small intestine). This procedure is an anastomosis.

Front 30

Gastroscope

Back 30

Instrument used to view the stomach. It is passes down the throat and esophagus into the stomach.

Front 31

Gastroscopy

Back 31

Visual examination of the stomach.

Front 32

Gastrotomy

Back 32

Incision of the stomach.

Front 33

GERD

Back 33

See GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE.

Front 34

Geriatric

Back 34

Pertaining to treatment of older people.

Front 35

Geriatrician

Back 35

Specialist in the treatment or diseases of old age.

Front 36

Geriatrics

Back 36

Treatment of disorders of old age.

Front 37

Gestation

Back 37

Growth of the fetus that occurs during pregnancy.

Front 38

Gland

Back 38

Group of cells that secretes chemicals to the outside of the body (EXOCRINE GLANDS) or hormones directly into the bloodstream (ENDOCRINE GLANDS).

Front 39

Glaucoma

Back 39

Increase of fluid pressure within the eye. Fluid is formed more rapidly than it is removed. The increased pressure damages sensitive cells in the back of the eye, and vision is disturbed.

Front 40

Glial cells

Back 40

Supporting cells of nervous tissue in the brain. Examples are astrocytes and microglial and olidendroglial cells. These cells are the source or primary brain tumors.

Front 41

Glioblastoma

Back 41

Malignant brain tumor composed of immature (-BLAST) glial (supportive nervous tissue) cells.

Front 42

Glucocorticoid

Back 42

Hormone secreted by the adrenal gland (cortex) to raise blood sugar levels. Examples are cortisone and cortisol.

Front 43

Glycosuria

Back 43

Abnormal condition of sugar in the urine.

Front 44

Goiter

Back 44

Enlargement of the thyroid gland.

Front 45

Gonorrhea

Back 45

Sexually transmitted disease most often affecting the reproductive and urinary tracts and caused by infection with bacteria (Neisseria gonorrhoeae).

Front 46

Gout

Back 46

See GOUTY ARTHRITIS.

Front 47

Gouty arthritis

Back 47

Deposits of uric acid crystals in joints and other tissues that cause swelling and inflammation of joints. Also called GOUT.

Front 48

Graves disease

Back 48

See HYPERTHYOIDISM.

Front 49

Growth hormone

Back 49

Hormone secreted by the pituitary gland to stimulate the growth of bones and the body in general. Also called somatotropin.

Front 50

Gynecologist

Back 50

Specialist in the medical and surgical treatment of female disorders.

Front 51

Gynecology

Back 51

Study of female disorders.

Front 52

Hair follicle

Back 52

Pouch-like depression in the skin in which a hair develops.

Front 53

Hair root

Back 53

Part of the hair which growth occurs.

Front 54

Hallucination

Back 54

False sensory perception, such as hearing voices when none are present.

Front 55

HDL

Back 55

See HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN.

Front 56

Heart

Back 56

Hallow, muscular organ in the chest that pumps blood throughout the body.

Front 57

Heart attach

Back 57

See MYOCARDIAL INFRACTION.

Front 58

Hemangioma

Back 58

Tumor (benign) of blood vessels.

Front 59

Hematemesis

Back 59

Vomiting (-EMESIS) of blood (HEMAT/O-).

Front 60

Hematologist

Back 60

Specialist in blood and blood disorders.

Front 61

Hematology

Back 61

Study of blood.

Front 62

Hematoma

Back 62

Mass or collection of blood under the skin. Commonly called a bruise or “black-and-blue” mark.

Front 63

Hematuria

Back 63

Abnormal condition of blood in the urine.

Front 64

Hemigastrectomy

Back 64

Removal of half the tongue.

Front 65

Hemiplegia

Back 65

Paralysis of one side of the body.

Front 66

Hemodialysis

Back 66

Use of a kidney machine to filter blood to remove waste materials such as urea. Blood leaves the body, enters the machine, and is carried back to the body through a catheter (tube).

Front 67

Hemoglobin

Back 67

Oxygen-carrying protein found in red blood cells.

Front 68

Hemoptysis

Back 68

Spitting up (-PTYSIS) of blood (HEM/O).

Front 69

Hemorrhage

Back 69

Bursting forth of blood.

Front 70

Hemothorax

Back 70

Collection of blood in the chest (pleural cavity).

Front 71

Hepatic

Back 71

Pertaining to the liver.

Front 72

Hepatitis

Back 72

Inflammation of the liver. Viral hepatitis is an acute infectious disease caused by at least three different viruses: Hepatitis A, B, and C viruses.

Front 73

Hepatoma

Back 73

Tumor (malignant) of the liver; hepatocellular carcinoma.

Front 74

Hepatomegaly

Back 74

Enlargement of the liver.

Front 75

Hernia

Back 75

Bulge or protrusion of an organ or part of an organ through the wall of the cavity the usually contains it. In an INGUINAL hernia, part of the wall of the abdomen weakens and the intestine bulges outward or into the scrotal sac (in males).

Front 76

Herpes genitalis

Back 76

Chronic sexually transmitted disease caused by type 2 herpes simplex virus.

Front 77

Hiatal hernia

Back 77

Upward protrusion of the wall of the stomach into the lower part of the esophagus.

Front 78

High-density lipoprotein

Back 78

Combination of fat and protein in the blood. It carries cholesterol to the liver, which is beneficial.

Front 79

Hilum

Back 79

Depression at that part of an organ where blood vessels and nerves enter.

Front 80

HIV

Back 80

See HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS.

Front 81

Hodgkin disease

Back 81

Malignant tumor of lymph nodes.

Front 82

Hormone

Back 82

Chemical made by a gland and sent directly into the bloodstream, not to the outside of the body. ENDOCRINE GLANDS produce hormones.

Front 83

Human immunodeficiency virus

Back 83

Virus that infect white blood cells (T cell lymphocytes), causing damage to the patient’s immune system. HIV is the cause of AIDS.

Front 84

Humerus

Back 84

Upper arm bone.

Front 85

Hydrocele

Back 85

Swelling of the SCROTUM caused by a collection of fluid within the outermost covering of the TESTIS.

Front 86

Hyperbilirubinemia

Back 86

High levels of bilirubin (pigment released from hemoglobin breakdown and processed in the liver) in the blood stream. See JAUNDICE.

Front 87

Hyperglycemia

Back 87

Higher than normal levels of sugar in the blood.

Front 88

Hyperparathyroidism.

Back 88

Higher than normal level of parathyroid hormone in the blood.

Front 89

Hyperplastic

Back 89

Pertaining to excessive growth of normal cells in an organ.

Front 90

Hypersecretion

Back 90

High blood pressure. Essential hypertension has no known cause, but contributing factors are age, smoking, and heredity. Secondary hypertension is a symptom of other disorders such as kidney disease.

Front 91

Hyperthyroidism

Back 91

Excessive activity of the thyroid gland.

Front 92

Hypertrophy

Back 92

Enlargement or overgrowth of an organ or part of the body as result of an increase in size of individual cells.

Front 93

Hypochondriac

Back 93

Pertaining to lateral regions of the upper abdomen beneath the lower ribs. Also, the term describes a person who has a chronic concern about his or her health and body functions.

Front 94

Hypodermic

Back 94

Pertaining to under or below the skin

Front 95

Hypoglycemia

Back 95

Blood condition of decreased sugar (lower than normal levels).

Front 96

Hypophyseal

Back 96

Pertaining to the pituitary gland.

Front 97

Hypopituitarism

Back 97

Decrease or stoppage of hormonal secretion by the pituitary gland.

Front 98

Hypoplastic

Back 98

Pertaining to underdevelopment of a tissue or organ in the body.

Front 99

Hyposecretion

Back 99

Less than normal amount of production of a substance.

Front 100

Hypotensive

Back 100

Pertaining to low blood pressure or to a person with abnormally low blood pressure.

Front 101

Hypothyroidism

Back 101

Lower than normal activity of the thyroid gland.

Front 102

Hysterectomy

Back 102

Excision of the uterus, either through the abdominal wall (abdominal hysterectomy) or through the vagina (vaginal hysterectomy).

Front 103

Hysteroscopy

Back 103

Visual examination of the uterus with an endoscope inserted through the vagina.