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88 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ablation |
The removal of a body part or the destruction of its function |
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Acute renal failure |
Sudden onset of kidney failure that may be caused by the kidneys not receiving enough blood |
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Alpha-adrenergic blockers |
A substance that relaxes muscle tissue in blood vessels and in the prostate gland, which improves the flow of urine and blood |
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Antibiotics for urinary tract |
Medications capable of inhibiting growth or killing pathogenic bacteria |
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Anti-spasmodics |
drug that suppresses muscle spasms |
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Anuria |
The absence of urine formation by the kidneys |
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Azotemia |
An elevation of the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) caused by a lack of blood flow to each kidney |
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Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) |
An abnormal enlargement of the prostate gland |
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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) |
The progressive loss of renal function over months or years |
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Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) |
Provide ongoing dialysis as the patient goes about his or her daily activities |
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Continuous cycling peritoneal dialysis (CCPD) |
AKA: APD uses a machine to cycle the dialysate solution during the night while the patient sleeps |
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Cystalgia |
Pain in the urinary bladder |
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Cystitis |
Inflammation of the bladder |
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Cystocele |
A k a prolapsed bladder it's a hernia of the bladder through the vaginal wall |
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Cystolith |
A stone located in the urinary bladder |
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Cystopexy |
The surgical fixation of the bladder to the abdominal wall |
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Cystoscopy (cysto) |
The visual examination of the urinary bladder using a cytoscope |
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Dialysis |
A procedure to remove waste products from the blood of patients whose kidneys no longer function |
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Digital rectal exam (DRE) |
a manual examination performed on men to palpate the prostate gland to detect prostate enlargement |
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Diuresis |
The increased output of urine |
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Diuretics |
Administered to increase the amount of urine secretion |
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Dysuria |
Difficult or painful urination |
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End-stage renal disease (ESRD) |
the final stage of chronic kidney disease that is fatal unless the functions of the failed kidneys are successfully replaced by dialysis or with a successful kidney |
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Enuresis |
The involuntary discharge of urine |
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Epispadias |
A congenital abnormality affecting the opening of the urethra |
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Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) |
the use of high-energy ultrasonic waves traveling through water or gel to break up kidney stones into fragments which are then excreted in the urine |
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Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) |
A blood test to check how well the kidneys are filtering blood |
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Glomerulonephritis (Bright's disease) |
A form of nephritis caused by inflammation of the glomeruli that causes red blood cells and proteins to leak into the urine |
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Hemodialysis (hemo) |
A procedure that filters waste products directly from the patient's blood to replace the function of damaged kidneys |
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Hydronephrosis |
The dilation of one or both kidneys that is the result of an obstruction of the flow of urine |
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Hydroureter |
Distention of the ureter with urine that cannot flow because the ureter is blocked |
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Hyperproteinuria |
The presence of abnormally high concentrations of protein in the urine |
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Hyperproteinemia |
The presence of abnormally high concentration of protein in the blood |
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Hypospadias |
A congenital abnormality in the placement of the urethral opening. |
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Interstitial cystitis |
A chronic inflammation within the walls of the bladder |
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Intravenous pyelography (IVP) |
A radiographic study of the kidneys and ureters using a contrast medium to diagnose changes in the urinary tract |
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Ileal conduit |
Use of a small piece of intestine to convey urine to the ureters and to a stoma in the abdomen |
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Kidneys, ureter, bladder x-ray (KUB) |
A radiographic study without the use of the contrast medium, used to detect bowel obstructions and nephroliths |
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Nephrolithiasis |
AKA renal calculus or kidney stone |
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Nephrectasis |
Dilation or distention of the pelvis of the kidney |
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Nephrologist |
A physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the kidneys |
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Nephrolysis |
The freeing of a kidney from adhesions |
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Nephron |
the microscopic functional units of each kidney where urine is produced through the processes of filtration reabsorption and secretion |
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Nephropathy |
Any kidney disease including degenerative and inflammatory conditions |
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Nephropexy |
The surgical fixation of nephroptosis |
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Nephroptosis |
A k a floating kidney, the prolapse or dropping down of a kidney into the pelvic area when the patient stands |
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Nephropyosis |
Suppuration of the kidney (pus coming out of kidney) |
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Nephrostomy |
The placement of a catheter to maintain an opening from the pelvis or of one or both kidneys to the exterior body |
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Nephrotic syndrome |
a group of conditions in which excessive amounts of protein are lost in the urine, resulting in abnormally low levels of proteins in the blood |
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Neurogenic bladder |
A urinary problem caused by interference with the normal nerve pathways associated with urination |
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Nocturia |
Frequent and excessive urination during the night |
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Nocturnal enuresis |
Urinary incontinence during sleep/ peeing in the bed |
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Oliguria |
Scanty urination |
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Overactive bladder |
A condition that occurs when the muscles of the bladder contract involuntarily even though the bladder is not full |
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Overflow incontinence |
Continuous leaking from the bladder either because it is full or because it does not empty completely |
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Percutaneous nephrolithotomy |
The surgical removal of a nephrolith through a small incision in the back |
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Peritoneal dialysis |
Dialysis in which the lining of the peritoneal cavity acts as the filter to remove waste from the blood |
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Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) |
an inherited kidney disorder characterized by the growth of numerous fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys leading eventually to kidney failure |
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Polyuria |
Excessive urination |
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Prostate-specific antigen testing (PSA) |
A diagnostic blood test that is used to screen for prostate cancer |
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Prostatism |
A disorder resulting from the compression or obstruction of the urethra due to benign prostatichyperplasia |
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Prostatitis |
Inflammation of the prostate gland |
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Pyelonephritis |
Inflammation of the renal pelvis and of the kidney |
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Pyelotomy |
A surgical incision into the renal pelvis |
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Renal colic |
Acute pain in the kidney area that is caused by blockage during the passage of a kidney stone |
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Retrograde urethrography |
A retrograde urethrogram is a routine radiologic procedure used to image the integrity of the urethra. Hence a retrograde urethrogram is essential for diagnosis of urethral injury, or urethral stricture |
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Stress incontinence |
The inability to control the voiding of urine under physical stress such as running, sneezing, laughing, or coughing |
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Suprapubic catheterization |
the placement of a catheter into the bladder through a small incision made in the abdominal wall just above the pubic bone |
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Transurethral prostatectomy (TURP) |
The removal of excess tissue from an enlarged prostate gland with the use of a resectoscope |
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Uremia |
AKA uremic poisoning, a toxic condition resulting from renal failure in which urea and other waste products are retained in the blood |
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Ureterectasis |
The distention of a ureter |
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Ureterolith |
A stone located anywhere along the ureter |
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Ureterorrhagia |
The discharge of blood from the ureter |
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Urethritis |
Inflammation of the urethra |
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Urethrorrhagia |
Bleeding from the urethra |
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Urethrostenosis |
Narrowing of the urethra |
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Urethrotomy |
A surgical incision into the urethra for relief of a stricture |
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Urinary catheterization (cath) |
The insertion of a tube into the bladder in order to pro cure a sterile specimen for diagnostic purposes, to drain urine from the bladder when the patient is unable to urinate, or to place medication into the bladder |
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Urinary hesitancy |
Difficulty in starting a urinary stream |
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Urinary incontinence |
The inability to control the voiding of urine |
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Urinary retention |
The inability to completely empty the bladder when attempting to urinate |
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Urinary tract infection |
An infection involving the structures of the urinary system that usually begins in the bladder |
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Urinate |
Normal process of excreting urine |
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Urologist |
a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the urinary system of females and the genitourinary system of males |
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Vesicovaginal fistula |
An abnormal opening between the bladder and the vagina |
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Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) |
The backward flow of urine into the ureters from the bladder. The ureter is a tube that carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder. |
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Voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) |
a diagnostic procedure in which a fluoroscope is used to examine the flow of urine from the bladder and through the urethra |
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Wilms tumor |
A rare type of malignant tumor of the kidney that occurs in young children |
