Medterm 2

Front 1

Anatomy

Back 1

Study of the structures of the body

Front 2

Physiology

Back 2

Study of the functions of the structures of the body

Front 3

Anatomic position

Back 3

Standing up straight, facing forward. Arms at side with palms toward the front

Front 4

Sagittal plane

Back 4

Vertical plane that divides the body into unequal left and right portions

Front 5

Midsagittal plane

Back 5

Sagittal plane that divides the body into equal left and right halves

Front 6

Frontal plane

Back 6

Vertical plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions

Front 7

Transverse plane

Back 7

Horizontal plane that divides the body into superior and inferior portions

Front 8

Dorsal

Back 8

Back of the organ or body

Front 9

Posterior

Back 9

Situated in the back or back part of the organ. Opposite of anterior

Front 10

Superior

Back 10

Above, toward the head

Front 11

Inferior

Back 11

Below, toward the feet

Front 12

Caudal

Back 12

Toward lower part of the body.

Front 13

Medial

Back 13

Toward the midline.

Front 14

Lateral

Back 14

Toward the side of the body, away from the midline.

Front 15

Dorsal Cavity

Back 15

Major body cavity that is located at the back of the neck and the body.

Front 16

Cranial Cavity

Back 16

Within the skull. Houses and protects the brain

Front 17

Spinal cavity

Back 17

Within the spinal column. Surrounds and protects the spinal cord.

Front 18

Ventral cavity

Back 18

Major body cavity located at the front of the body

Front 19

Thoracic Cavity

Back 19

(Chest cavity) surrounds and protects heart and lungs

Front 20

Abdominal Cavity

Back 20

Contains primarily the major organs of digestion

Front 21

Pelvic Cavity

Back 21

Contains primarily the organs of reproduction and excretory systems.

Front 22

Right and left hypochondriac regions

Back 22

Covered by lower ribs

Front 23

Hypogastric region

Back 23

Located below the stomach

Front 24

Peritoneum

Back 24

Multilayered membrane that protects and holds the organs in place within the abdominal cavity.

Front 25

Parietal Peritoneum

Back 25

Outer layer that lines the interior of the abdominal wall.

Front 26

Mesentry

Back 26

Fused double layer of the parietal peritoneum that attaches parts of the intestine to the interior abdominal wall.

Front 27

Visceral Peritoneum

Back 27

Inner layer of the peritoneum that surrounds the organs of the abdominal cavity

Front 28

Retroperitoneal

Back 28

Located behind the peritoneum

Front 29

Peritonitis

Back 29

Inflammation of the peritoneum

Front 30

Phenylketonuria

Back 30

Genetic disorder in which the essential digestive enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase is missing. (PKU)

Front 31

Histology

Back 31

Study of the structures composition and function of tissues

Front 32

Muscle Tissue

Back 32

Contains cells with the specialized ability to contract and relax.

Front 33

Aplasia

Back 33

Defective development, or the congenital absence of an organ or tissue.

Front 34

Hypoplasia

Back 34

Incomplete development of an organ or tissue usually due to a deficiency in the number of cells

Front 35

Anaplasia

Back 35

Change in the structure of cells and in their orientation to each other.

Front 36

Hyperplasia

Back 36

Enlargement of an organ or tissue because of an abnormal increase in the number of cells in the tissues

Front 37

Exocrine glands

Back 37

Secrete chemical substances into ducts that lead either to other organs or out of the body, such as sweat glands

Front 38

Endocrine glands

Back 38

Produce hormones, do not have ducts

Front 39

Adenoma

Back 39

Benign tumor that arises in or resembles glandular tissue

Front 40

Adenomalacia

Back 40

Abnormal softening of a gland

Front 41

Adenosis

Back 41

Any disease or condition of a gland

Front 42

Adenoslcerosis

Back 42

Abnormal hardening of a gland

Front 43

Adenectomy

Back 43

Surgical removal of a gland

Front 44

Etiology

Back 44

Study of the causes of diseases

Front 45

Pathogen

Back 45

Disease producing microorganism such as a virus

Front 46

Bloodborne transmission

Back 46

HIV, HEP B, STD'S

Front 47

Airborne transmission

Back 47

Tuberculosis, flu, colds, and measles

Front 48

Endemic

Back 48

Refers to the ongoing presence of a disease within a population, group or area

Front 49

Epidemic

Back 49

Sudden and widespread outbreak of disease within a specific population group or area

Front 50

Pandemic

Back 50

An outbreak of a disease occurring over a large geographic area, possibly worldwide

Front 51

Skeletal system

Back 51

Supports and shapes the body. Protects the internal organs. Forms some blood cells and stores materials

Front 52

Idiopathic disorder

Back 52

Illness without a known cause

Front 53

Nosocomial infection

Back 53

Disease acquired in a hospital or clinical setting

Front 54

Atresia

Back 54

Congenital absence of a normal body opening or the failure of a structure to be tubular

Front 55

Geriatrician

Back 55

(Gerontologist) a physician who specializes in the care of older people.