Medsurgery - [A] F/e/i Questions

Front 1

Who are at higher risk for fluid related problems

Back 1

elderly and infants

Front 2

who has more fluid in body, infant or adult

Back 2

infant @ 70-80 percent water

Front 3

extracellular fluid consists of fluid composed in the space between the cells , known as

Back 3

interstitual fluid

Front 4

substances whose molecules disoasociate or split into ions when placed in water is

Back 4

electrolytes

Front 5

main cation in ECF is

Back 5

sodium

Front 6

the amount of pressure required to stop the osmotic flow of water

Back 6

ostmotic pressure

Front 7

the osmotic force of solute per unit of weight of solvent is measured by

Back 7

OSMOLALITY

Front 8

WHAT IS THE MAJOR SOURCE THAT PUSEHES WATER OUT OFthe vascular system at the capillary level

Back 8

hydrostatic pressure

Front 9

losso f pure h20 alone without corresponding loss of sodium is

Back 9

dehydration

Front 10

the primary forms of hypervolemia or excess cellular fluid are

Back 10

diuretics and fluid restriction

Front 11

flattened neck veins, weak thready pulse, diminished skin turgor, skin warm, dry, wrinkled are signs of

Back 11

hypovolemia

Front 12

the easiest measurement of volume status , an increaseof 1kg-1000ml of fluid retnetion , is

Back 12

daily weights

Front 13

the primary determinant of ECF osmolarity, playing a major role in conecentration and volume , is

Back 13

sodium

Front 14

sodium effects the water distribution between

Back 14

ecf and icf

Front 15

sodium is absorbed through what , by what

Back 15

GI track through foods such as unprocessed can goods

Front 16

what promotes sodium reasborption from the renal tubules

Back 16

adh

Front 17

the ratio of sodium to water is called

Back 17

serum sodiumlevel

Front 18

firfst manifested in the CNS, surgery and trauma patients, or renal failure patients, commonly have

Back 18

hyponatremia

Front 19

the major ICF cation, intracellular

Back 19

potassium

Front 20

plays a role in acid base balance, and muscle cells, cardiac function

Back 20

potassium

Front 21

what is the primary route for potassium loss, about 90 percent daily

Back 21

kidneys

Front 22

in the kidneys, what kind of relationship is there between sodium and potassium reabsorption

Back 22

inverse

Front 23

what is the msot common cause of hyperkalemia

Back 23

renal failure

Front 24

leg pain and muscle weakness =

Back 24

hyperkalemia

Front 25

for hyperkalemia

Back 25

elimate oral potassium, increase potassium elimation w dioretics, dialysis, force iv insulin

Front 26

the most common hospital imbalance is

Back 26

hypokalemia

Front 27

cardiac changes =

Back 27

hypokalemia

Front 28

elderly are more at risk for f/e imbalance because

Back 28

small losses of fluid are more significant because body fluids account for only about 50 percent of body weight in older adults

Front 29

blood plasma has a higher osmolality than fluids within a red blood cell, the mechanism involved in equalizing the fluid concentration is

Back 29

osmosis

Front 30

a loop diuretic given to a pt, the patient will have symptoms of

Back 30

weak, irregular pulse, poor muscle tone

Front 31

the lungs act as anacid base buffer by

Back 31

increasing RR and depth when CO2 levels in blood are high, reducing acid load

Front 32

the typical fluid relplacement for a patient w ICF fluid volume deficit (hypovolemia) is

Back 32

hypotonic solution

Front 33

under normal conditions, kidneys reabsorb and conserve all of the _______ that they can filter

Back 33

bicarbonate

Front 34

whenever there is HYPOVENTILATION, what occurs

Back 34

RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS (carbonic acid excess)

Front 35

what do kidneys do during respiratory acidosis

Back 35

conserve bicarobate and secrease hydrogen ions into urine

Front 36

whenever there is HYPERVENTILATION, what occurs

Back 36

respiratory alkalosis
(carboni acid eficit)

Front 37

the primary cause of respiratory alkalosis is _______ from acute pulmonary disorders

Back 37

HYPOXEMIA

Front 38

anxiety and CNS , brain , disorders are most prominent with

Back 38

respiratory alkalosis

Front 39

what occurs when an acid other than carbonic acid accumulates in body or when bicarboanate is LOST from body fluids

Back 39

metabolic acidosis

Front 40

how do you compensate for metaboplic acidosis?

Back 40

increase CO2 excretion by the lungs

Front 41

what do patients with metablic alkalosis usually develop (deep rapid breathing)

Back 41

kaussMAul respirations

Front 42

renal failure is a sure sign of

Back 42

metabolic ACIDOSIS

Front 43

what kind of solution provdes more water than electroltyes, diluting the ECF.

Back 43

hypotonic

Front 44

what is the ideal fluiod replacement for a patient with an ECF volume deficit (hypovolemia)

Back 44

ISOTONIC solution

Front 45

for treametment of hypovolemia and hyponatermia, this solution raises osmolality of ECF and expands it

Back 45

hypertonic

Front 46

w/ hypertonic solutions, you must frequently monitor

Back 46

bp, lung sounds and serum sodium levels