Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
75 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What needs to increase/decrease to cause the formation of edema?
|
Osmotic pressure decreases and Hydrostatic pressure increases
|
|
|
What is the most sensitive indicator of circulation aduquacy if a patients blood osmolarity is 250 mOsm/L?
|
Decreased urine output/check urine output
|
|
|
Who is at greatist risk for dehydration?
|
Older confused adult (cognitive inpairment)
|
|
|
What triggers thirst in hypothalamus?
|
Changes in ECF osmolarity by osmoreceptors. Increased serum osmolarity, decreased BP (Hyperosmolar ECF)
|
|
|
What is the response of ADH on urine output?
|
ADH decreases urine output (decreased urine output, increased urine osmolarity)
|
|
|
What is the effect of inhibiting aldosterone secretion?
|
Increased sodium excretion (DI, hyperkalemia, hypotension)
|
|
|
What is the expected result of infusion of 150 ml of 5% saline solution IV over 2 hours?
|
Increased BP, increased capilary permeability, becomes hypotonic, shifts fluid back in to vascular space
|
|
|
What change in respiration would indicate an anesthetized client might have malignant hyperthermia?
|
Unexpected rise in the end-tidal Co2 level with a decrease in O2 sat. Tachypenea
|
|
|
Priority nursing diagnosis for dysrhythmias?
|
Decreased cardiac output & ineffective tissue perfusion
|
|
|
Ethical concerns have impact on heart transplants?
|
Allocation of resources "Who gets the heart?"-Joy
|
|
|
Damage to Wernicke's area would compromise what?
|
Language both reception and expression, makes of words
|
|
|
Priority nursing diagnosis for oral cancer?
|
Risk for ineffective airway clearance
|
|
|
Lab findings with ulcerative colitis?
|
H&H decreased, WBC & ESR increased, NA, Ka, Cl, and albumin all decreased
|
|
|
Chain of infection?
|
Reservoir: source of infection
Portal of entry:how the organism enters the body (nose, eyes, mouth, skin,) Portal of exit:exit of microbe from host Susceptable host: Immune compromised |
|
|
What endocrine organs would need to be assessed if a man has fluid secretions from breast?
|
Anterior pituitary (Prolactin, FSh, and LH)
|
|
|
How is at greatest risk for hydroureter?
|
BPH, obstruction close to bladder, hypercalcemia, child hood history of urinary issues (congenital defects), fibrosis, trauma
|
|
|
What findings would indicate prostate cancer when doing a DRE?
|
Prostate that is stony hard, palpable irregularities, or indurations
|
|
|
Who is most liekly to expereince ED?
|
Diabetes (endocrine disorder), smoker/alcohol, inflamation, pelvic fractures
|
|
|
What assesment findings in hyponatremia?
|
Increased HR, pulmonary edema, shallow respiration, nausea, diarrhea, behavior changes, hyperactive bowel sounds, muscle weakness, decreased tendon reflexes, headache, increased urine output
|
|
|
What indicates heparin therapy is adequate?
|
aPTT 1 1/2 to 2 time the normal control levels
|
|
|
What does it mean if someone has otitis media and suddenly the pain is gone?
|
Rupture of tympanic membrane
|
|
|
Teaching with pancreatic enzymes for CF?
|
Daily therapy, before or with meals and snacks, take after antacid, dont mix with protein containing food, wipe lips, follow-up labs to prevent malabsorption
|
|
|
What do the do escharotomy for circumferential burns?
|
Relive pressure, allow blood flow, breathing (if chest, restore perfusion
|
|
|
Why would surgery be delayed if a client is hyperkalemic?
|
Increased risk for dysrhythmias with anaesthesia use. Needs to be corrected first. Bradycardia, hypotension, dysrhythmias, diarrhea, vfib, asystole
|
|
|
Teaching prior to FOBT?
|
Intake of iron can cause false positive reading. Avoid foods with iron 48 hours before
|
|
|
Expected response to lactulose?
|
Production of two to five soft stools per day and a decrease in client confusion caused by excess ammonia
|
|
|
What blood gases expected with anxiety induced hyperventilation?
|
Respiratory Alkalosis
Increase pH >7.45 Decreased bicarb |
|
|
Interpretation of cancer staging-TNM scale?
|
T= Tumor
N=Nodes M= Metastasis |
|
|
What is the effect of baroreceptor stimulation on a client heart rate?
|
hypotension tells parasympathetic nerves to stop inhibiting SA node which then increased HR
|
|
|
What assessment technique would you avoid if you suspected an abdominal aortic aneurysm?
|
Palpating pulsating mass on abdomen.
|
|
|
What can cause septic shock- who is at risk for developing it?
|
Immunosuppresed patients (cancer w/ chemo)
|
|
|
Who is at risk for SIADH
|
cancer (lung), head trauma, drug use, TB or lung disease, cerebral vascular disease, older men with emphesema
|
|
|
What questions do you ask a perimenopausal woman (lacking estrogen)?
|
hot flashes, sleed disturbances, night sweats, mood changes, vaginal dryness, UTIs, hair changes
|
|
|
how do you do an abdominal assessment- what order do you do what?
|
RU, LU, LL, RL Look, Listen, then feel
|
|
|
What does an elevated BUN and increased BUN/createnine ratio indicate?
|
Increase BUN indicates hepatic or renal disease. Increased BUN/Createnine ratio indicate fluid volume deficit (dehydration)
|
|
|
What is a murmur?
|
Turbulent blood flow through valves
|
|
|
Who is at risk for a-fib?
|
MI, valve issues, HF, cardio myopathy, septal defect, PE, hyperthyroidism, surgery. (Men get it more often but women die from it more often)
|
|
|
What manifestations indicate nonprogressive stage of shock?
|
Increased HR, decreased urinary output
|
|
|
What does full thickness burns look like?
|
Black/white, leather like, no blisters, bleeding or pain
|
|
|
Complications of chronic renal failure- what is most dangerous?
|
death, fluid and electrolyte imbalance, HTN, HF,
|
|
|
What does the trousseau sign indicate?
|
Hypocalcemia. Palmar flexion
|
|
|
Post OP care angiography?
|
6-8 hours bed rest, no flexion, compression/sandbag, assess for bleeding, distal pulses, reocclusion, hydration, monitor urine output.
|
|
|
Client with heart failure- what would be an indication that they are not tolerating activity?
|
Shortness of breath. (Hard to walk upstairs)
|
|
|
Post OP care for transphenoidal hypophysectomy?
|
Monitor for clear drainage, hemorrhage, infection (meningitis, encephalitis) Monitor LOC, I&O,prevent increased ICP, elevate HOB, report post nasal drip, avoid coughing, do deap breathing, oral care, monitor for DI, may need steroid/hormone replacement
|
|
|
Indications that treatment for DI is effective?
|
Decreased urine production, increased urine specific gravity
|
|
|
Post OP teaching (going home instructions) post transurethral prostatectomy?
|
may have burning, frequency, leakage, increased in take of fluids
|
|
|
Dietary teaching for hypertension?
|
Decrease salt, decrease fat, exercise, avoid tobaco and caffine
|
|
|
Precautions for meningococcal meningitis?
|
Droplet precaution, vaccine for prophylactic treatment
|
|
|
Priority nursing intervention post total colectomy with ileoanal rescervoir?
|
pain management, perineal care is important,needs to be monitored for infection, avoid lifting or straining.
|
|
|
Priority intervention for client with Chron's that has developed a fistula?
|
constipation, obstruction, infection prevention, nutrition and electrolyte therapy, skin care.
|
|
|
Diet for clients with cholelithiasis?
|
Low fat, bile salts, fat soluble vitamins, bland food
|
|
|
What will improve dialysate flow in a CAPD patient?
|
Milk the tubing
|
|
|
What med would you expect to give if a pt is at risk for emboli?
|
Anticoagulants, platelet inhibitors
|
|
|
Best action if client is in V-tach?
|
Oxygen, Cardiovert
|
|
|
Teaching plan for client with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
|
Diuretics, defibrilators, report palpitations, dizziness, fainting (dysrhythmia), cardiac meds
|
|
|
Risk factors for hyperlipidemia?
|
Diet, genetics, metabolic disorders, smoking, sedentary lifestlye, kidney failure
|
|
|
First does effect of captopril?
|
Watch for hypotension
|
|
|
Teaching to promote vasodilation for client with PAD?
|
Quit smoking, avoid cold, heat (never direct, keep hydrated
|
|
|
Post OP complications neprolithotomy?
|
Bleeding, strain urine for stones, infection prevention, stone prevention, may have nephrostomy, maintain hydration
|
|
|
Risk factors for esophageal cancer?
|
GERD, Barretts esophagus, smoked foods, high nitrate foods
|
|
|
Classic symptoms of peritonitis?
|
Rigidity of abdomen, pain, n/v
|
|
|
Complications of hypokalemia?
|
Respiratory depression, muscle weakness, dysrythmias, hypotension, paralytic ileus
|
|
|
Manifestations of inflammation caused by blood vessel dilation?
|
edema, flushing, warmth, redness, bleeding
|
|
|
What is blumbergs sign?
|
Rebound tendrness (apendicitis, cholecystitis)
|
|
|
Nursing intervention for client with v-fib that will increase chance of survival?
|
Defibrilate, CPR, O2
|
|
|
Priority nursing diagnosis for patint with 3rd degree AV block with a heart rate of 40?
|
Ineffective tissue perfussion
|
|
|
What may reduce the risk of developing Alzheimers for a person with family history of early dementia?
|
mental activity, balanced diet, exercise, NSAID's
|
|
|
Complications of Stomatitis?
|
Infection, airway, nutrition
|
|
|
Who is at risk for coloerectal cancer?
|
Genetic disposition, older adults, fat diet, polyps, inflammatory bowel disease
|
|
|
Most frequent cause of acute pancreatitis?
|
Early activation fo enzymes, alcohol ingestion and billiary tract disease (gallstones)
|
|
|
What is Go-Lytley needed for?
|
Bowel prep, used instead of enemas for elderly
|
|
|
Why is someone put on TPN for ulcerative colitis exacerbation?
|
To rest the bowels
|
|
|
Why do cliets with jaundice have itcy skin?
|
build up of bile salts on skin
|
|
|
What manifestations of orchitis?
|
Scrotal pain, dysuria, scrotal edema, penile discharge
|
|
|
What is associated with risk of post operative nausea and vomiting?
|
aspiration, increase IOP, BP, ICP, suture damage, dehiscence
|
